personality disorders Flashcards
antisocial personality disorder
Disregard for rights of others, rules, and laws
avoidant personality disorder
Social inhibitions; feelings of inadequacy; hypersensitive to negative evaluation
borderline personality disorder (BPD)
Unstable relationships, self-image, and affect; impulsivity; self-mutilation
character
concepts about the self and the external world. It develops over time as a person comes into contact with people and situations and confronts challenges
dependent personality disorder
Submissive and clinging behavior; excessive need to be taken care of
depressive behavior
pervasive pattern of depressive cognitions and behaviors in various contexts. It occurs more often in people with relatives who have major depressive disorders. People with depressive personality disorders often seek treatment for their distress.
histrionic personality disorder
Excessive emotionality and attention seeking
narcissistic personality disorder
Grandiose; lack of empathy; need for admiration
obsessive–compulsive personality disorder
Preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control
paranoid personality disorder
Mistrust and suspicions of others; guarded, restricted affect
passive-aggressive behavior
a negative attitude and a pervasive pattern of passive resistance to demands for adequate social and occupational performance. These clients may appear cooperative, even ingratiating, or sullen and withdrawn, depending on the circumstances. Their mood may fluctuate rapidly and erratically, and they may be easily upset or offended.
personality
ingrained, enduring pattern of behaving and relating to the self, others, and the environment; it includes perceptions, attitudes, and emotions.
personality disorders
Personality disorder is a generalized pattern of behaviors, thoughts, and emotions that begins in adolescence, remains stable over time, and causes stress or psychological damage.
schizoid personality disorder
Detached from social relationships; restricted affect; involved with things more than people
schizotypal personality disorder
Acute discomfort in relationships; cognitive or perceptual distortions; eccentric behavior
temperament
biologic processes of sensation, association, and motivation that underlie the integration of skills and habits based on emotion.
Cluster A
Paranoid personality disorder
- Schizoid personality disorder
- Schizotypal personality disorder
Cluster B
Antisocial personality disorder
- Borderline personality disorder
- Histrionic personality disorder
- Narcissistic personality disorder
Cluster C
Avoidant personality disorder
- Dependent personality disorder
- Obsessive personality disorder
In psychiatric settings, nurses most often encounter clients with
ntisocial and borderline personality disorders (BPDs).
The four temperament traits are
harm avoidance, novelty seeking, reward dependence, and persistence.
Three major character traits
self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence.
personality develops in response to
inherited dispositions (temperament) and environmental influences (character), which are experiences unique to each person.
Affective aggression (normal)
Lithium
Anticonvulsants
Low-dose antipsychotics
Predatory (hostility/cruelty)
Antipsychotics
Lithium
Organic-like aggression
Cholinergic agonists (donepezil)
Imipramine (Tofranil)
Ictal aggression (abnormal)
Diphenylhydantoin (Dilantin)
Benzodiazepines
Emotional lability
Lithium
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Antipsychotics
Atypical depression/dysphoria
MAOIs
SSRIs
Antipsychotics
Emotional detachment
SSRIs
Atypical antipsychotics
Chronic cognitive
SSRIs
MAOIs
Benzodiazepines
Chronic somatic
MAOIs
SSRIs
Severe anxiety
MAOIs
Low-dose antipsychotics
Psychotic symptoms
Acute and psychosis
Chronic and low-level psychotic-like symptoms
Antipsychotics
Low-dose antipsychotics
Paranoid NI
Serious, straightforward approach; teach client to validate ideas before taking action; involve client in treatment planning
Schiziod NI
Improve client’s functioning in the community; assist client in finding case manager
Schizotypal NI
Develop self-care skills; improve community functioning; social skills training
Antisocial NI
Limit setting; confrontation; teach client to solve problems effectively and manage emotions of anger or frustration
Borderline NI
Promote safety; help client to cope and control emotions; cognitive restructuring techniques; structure time; teach social skills
Histrionic NI
Teach social skills; provide factual feedback about behavior
Narcissistic NI
Matter-of-fact approach; gain cooperation with needed treatment; teach client any needed self-care skills
Avoidant NI
Support and reassurance; cognitive restructuring techniques; promote self-esteem
Dependent NI
Foster client’s self-reliance and autonomy; teach problem-solving and decision-making skills; cognitive restructuring techniques
OCD NI
Encourage negotiation with others; assist client in making timely decisions and complete work; cognitive restructuring techniques
personality development occurs in a response to
heredity
temperament
experiential learning
social interaction
