Personality/Abnormal Psych

Question 1

Humanism

Answer 1

Maslow and Rogers

Free will and that people should be considered as wholes not responses (behaviorism) or instincts (psychoanalysis)

Question 2

Pinel, P AND Dorothea Dix

Answer 2

1792 charge of asylum in Paris
One of first to believe in human treatment in asylums
Removed shackles and gave beds and allowed them to move

Advocate for humane treatment of mentally ill hospitalized 1841-1848

Question 3

1900s treatments in asylums
1938
1935-1955
1883

Answer 3

Cerletti and Bini 1938 electroshock inducing seizures to cure psychiatric patients such as General paresis caused by syphilis

Prefrontal lobotomies 1935 and 1955 to treat schizophrenia
caused absence of feeling

1950s drugs to treat schizophrenia
1883 Kraepelin made first classification system

Question 4

Sheldon, W

Answer 4

Somatotypes related body type to personality

Endomorphy, soft and spherical
Mesomorphy, hard muscular rectangular
Ectomorphy, thin fragile lightly muscled

Question 5

Freuds defense mechanisms

Answer 5

Repression: unconscious forgetting anxiety memories
Suppression: deliberate conscious form of forgetting
Projection: attribution of forbidden urges to others
Reaction formation: repressed wish is warded off with diametrical opposite
Rationalization: developing a socially acceptable explanation for inappropriate behavior
Regression: reverting to an earlier stage of development in response to a dramatic event
Sublimation: transforming unacceptable urges into socially acceptable behaviors
Displacement: pent up feelings are discharged on objects or people less dangerous than those causing it

Question 6

Jung C

Answer 6

Conscious- ego

Unconscious

1. Personal
2. Collective- residue of experiences of our early ancestors, record of common experiences

-archetype is a thought or image that has emotional element
1. Persona: mask adopted in response to demands of social convention
2. Anima f. and animus m.: understand our gender
3. Shadow: animal instinct that humans inherited in their evolution
4. Self: unity, and point of intersect between collective and conscious
Mandala

Question 7

Adler

Answer 7

Inferiority complex, sense of incompleteness or imperfection
Strive to superiority drives personality
Beneficial when social and personality disturbances when selfish

Creative self: force by which each individual shapes his or her uniqueness and makes his or her own personality

Style of life: manifestation of creative self and unique way of achieving superiority

Question 8

Horney K

Answer 8

Neurotic personality is governed by needs to make life and interactions bearable

If the needs are central to persons life= neurotic

Concept of basic anxiety

Question 9

Anna Freud

Answer 9

Need to investigate conscious ego and its relation to world, superego and unconscious

Founded ego psych

Question 10

Psychoanalysis

Answer 10

Freud
Intensive long term treatment for uncovering repressed memories motives and conflicts
Hypnosis, free association, dream interpretation
Resistance, avoiding topic
Transference, feeling and uncovering past
Counter transference when therapist feels emotions

Question 11

Seligman M

Answer 11

Learned helplessness with shocking dogs

Question 12

CBT

Answer 12

Becks cognitive therapy for depression

Albert Ellis’s rational emotive therapy RET

Question 13

Kelly, G

Answer 13

Motivation drive and unconscious emotion

Question 14

Rogers C

Answer 14

Client centered therapy
Person centered therapy
No directive therapy
Humanist/ phenomenological

Unconditional positive regard

Question 15

Frankl

Answer 15

Survived nazi camp, meaning to existence

Question 16

Cattell

Answer 16

Measured personality through factor analysis

Question 17

Eyesnck

Answer 17

Tested jung’s introversion extroversion using scientific methodology
Also found emotional stability v neuroticism

Also tested psychoticism

Question 18

Allport

Answer 18

Cardinal, around which ppl organize life,
central, maj characteristics of personality and
secondary traits, personal and limited in occurrence

Functional autonomy: a functional behavior can become an end goal in itself

Question 19

McClelland

Answer 19

Need for achievement

Question 20

Witkin H

Answer 20

Studied field dependence (diffuse responses to perceived mass stimuli) and field independence (specific responses to perceived specific stimuli) using rod and frame test

Question 21

Rotter J

Answer 21

Internal locus of control – we control our own destiny

External locus of control – outside world, fate

Question 22

Machiavellian

Answer 22

Manipulative and controlling

Question 23

Androgyny

Answer 23

Equally masculine and feminine

Question 24

Mischel, W

Answer 24

Against trait theory

No stable traits, behavior is determined by characteristics of situation and not of person