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Personality Flashcards

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1
Q

Define personality

A

Personality is the unique and consistent group of attributes that determine the way we think feel and Behave when alone and with others

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2
Q

Define the personality theory

A

An approach to describing and explaining the origins and development of personality, focusing on the similarities and differences between individuals

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3
Q

What is Sigmund Freuds theory ?

A

PERSOANLITY is the result of internal conflicts of the mind, and how effectively individuals resolve these conflicts

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4
Q

What are the three levels of conscious ?

A

Conscious - readily available

Pre conscious - not there all the time but easy to access

Unconscious- in accessible information due to it could cause to ,uch anxiety

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5
Q

What is Freuds belief of the structure of personality ?

A

ID - the pleasure principle

EGO - the reality principle

SUPER EGO - the moral principle

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6
Q

What happens if the structures cannot come to a conclusion ?

A

Defence mechanisms kick in

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7
Q

Examples of defence mechanisms

A

Projection - putting unwanted thoughts onto someone else

Denial - refusing to belief whatever has happened

Fantasy - fulfilling unconscious wishes or impulses by imagining them in activities

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8
Q

According to frued at what age have we fully formed our personality ?

A

5-6 years

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9
Q

What are the psychosexual stage and the ages for each

A

Oral 0-2

Anal 2-3

Phallic 4-5

Latency 6- puberty

Genital puberty - early adulthood

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10
Q

What are the fixations for the oral stage ?

A

Behaviours - Smoking , Alcoholic , Nail biting , Chewing on pens or gum and Overeating

Characteristics - gullibility, passivity, needs attention, depends on others and need to be looked after

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11
Q

Fixations for anal stage

A

Anal retentive - clean, orderly, organised, hoard things, stubborn and stingy

Anal-expulsive - untidy, destructive, disorderly and cruel

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12
Q

Fixations for phallic stage

A

Affecting later relationships

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13
Q

Criticisms of psychoanalytical theories

A

Doesn’t develop in age stages

Continues throughout life

Focused too much on the role of sexuality

Based on limited sample

Questioned accuracy on the latency stage

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14
Q

Strengths of psychoanalytical theory

A

Adult personality is influenced by early life experiences

Feeding, toilet training and early sexual feelings are significant

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15
Q

What is type theory ?

A

Type theory describes different personality terms of a group of characteristics that individuals have in common with others. Links certain personality traits with medical problems

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16
Q

Criticisms of type theory

A 
Conflicting evidence e
Ignored individual differences 
Provides limited fate fires 
People fit into more then more 
Doesn't address how personality develops
17
Q

What is the humanistic theory underlying premises

A

All people are born good

All individuals strive to reach their full potential

18
Q

What is self actualisation

A

Self,actualisation is to reach full potential
It depends on three things
1. Acceptance and rejection of others
2. How they view themselves ( self concept )
3. Whether they can deal with negative things

19
Q

What is the role of others in the humanistic theory ?

A

Others can assist us through being genuine, accepting and empathetic

20
Q

What is a Q-sort test?

A

A test for congruence

21
Q

Strengths of humanistic theory ?

A

A positive approach to understanding personality

Give a complete picture of how healthy personality develops

22
Q

Limitations of humanistic theory

A

Offers a romantic and simplistic ideas about personality few of which can be measured scientifically

They encourage self fulfilment can encourage a self centred kid

Unrealistic view of the world people don’t recognise evil

23
Q

Definition of a personality trait

A

A lasting personality characteristic that determines an individual behaviour

24
Q

What is PEN?

A

P - psychoticism-impulsive control

E - extroversion-introversion

N - neuroticism

25
Q

What are the limitations of eysencks theory ?

A

States that personality traits remain constant - does not explain why traits change over time

Small research sample

Does not take into potential for behaviour changes in certain situations

26
Q

What are causes of personality ?

A

Genetic

Nervous system:
Introverts - sensitive ns
Extroverts - less sensitive ns

psychology (6 decks)

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