Personality Flashcards
What is trait theory?
Personality theory that suggests innate characteristics produce a consistent response.
What is the social learning approach of personality?
The theory that suggests behaviour is learnt from significant others by socialisation. Your behaviours will develop the more time you spend with a person, the more significant someone is in your life the more likely you are to retain and copy their behaviour. Observe-identify-reinforce-copy.
State what the interactionist approach of personality is.
The theory that combines trait and social learning to predict behaviour in a specific situation. The Lewin approach, and the Hollander approach.
Describe what the three levels of Hollanders model are.
The core: very stable and unlikely to change, the performers behaviour at this level wont change no matter the environment.
Typical responses: the usual response a player makes in a given environment, these behaviours are more influenced by the environment compared to the core.
Role related behaviour: these behaviours are most influenced by the environment, the performer will change their behaviour based on their surroundings.
Explain why the interactionist approach is the best theory of personality.
The interactionist approach takes into account someones innate characteristics and how this would make them typically respond to situations. But also notes that the environment in which someone is in can also have an effect on their personality. An introvert wont always be an introvert there may be situations where they will act more extroverted.
What is the Lewin Approach?
An interactionist theory that suggests the traits we are born with are adapted and used according to the situation. It states that behaviour is a function of personality and environment. B=f(PxE).
Positives and negatives of trait theory.
Positives: simple and explains why people behave the way they do.
Negatives: doesn’t consider personality change, doesn’t explain instinctive reactions, doesn’t consider the changing environment, overall too simplistic.
Positives and negatives of social learning theory.
Positives: allows for personality change in different environments, positive traits can be learnt and reinforced.
Negatives: bad habits may be learnt, can cause conflict as learnt behaviour may contrast with inherent behaviour.
Positives and negatives of Hollanders model.
Positives: explains why people act differently in differing situations, with increased pressure individuals behave differently, personality tests have been used to show changing behaviour does occur.
Negatives: very few sport specific personality tests, some individuals do not appear to change their approach when confronted by a changing environment (Roy Keane).
