Person Centred Care

Question 1

What do we mean by Person Centred Care?

Answer 1

A way of thinking and doing that:
- sees people involved in their own care by enabling them to be involved in the planning and delivery of their care
- Fully considers
* needs and wants,
* religious, secular and cultural values,
* social circumstances and lifestyles

Question 2

Other terms for person centred care

Answer 2

• Person Centred Care
• Patient Centred Care
• User-centred Care
• Family Centred Care
• Individualised/Personalised care

Question 3

Biomedical Model

Answer 3

Traditional Western Medicine
Biomedical - Doctor-centred - Disease centred
Cure is the focus
* treatment to to reach measurable outcomes
* Instrumental/task oriented
Patient is passive, Doctor is expert/authority
Often does not address psychological or social
dimensions

Question 4

Biomedical Model cont.

Answer 4

Modern medicine is evidence based
* Evidence from research is the basis for decision making
* Controlled research (not just anecdotal evidence)
* Better outcomes
BUT
Tendency to view the body as mechanistic
* There is a biological problem and thus a cure
* Death is the enemy, medicine is the answer

Question 5

Biopsychosocial Model

Answer 5

Biopsychosocial model - Holistic approach
Often the Complementary and Alternative Medicine Approach
Biological + Psychological + Social/lifestyle/context
* Patient as expert and partner in care
* Shared and egalitarian relationship
* Addresses affects needs (emotional, spiritual, cultural, community, family, etc.)

Question 6

Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) philosophy

Answer 6

Health and disease is based on balance within the body
* Treatment is aimed at using ‘natural’ methods to stimulate the body to restore balance
BUT
* Not evidence based
* Based on non-evidential ideas
* Has potential to harm, directly or indirectly

e.g. of some CAMS: Acupuncture, aromatherapy, astrology, Chinese medicine, chiro, reiki, ear candling, Feng Shui, homeopathy

Question 7

Why is CAM popular?

Answer 7

• Focus on the whole person and their lifestyle
• long consultations
• greater acknowledgement of lived experience
• “New Age” beliefs
  
  • rejection of “Big Pharma”
  • rejection of paternalism of medical paradigm

Question 8

Encounters with Medical Practitioners

Answer 8

An average of either 11 or 16 seconds, a client was interrupted.
Doctor controlled conversation.
low patient satisfaction and high confusion/frustration
poor client compliance

Question 9

Name 5 main steps of Person Centred Care

Answer 9

1. Knowing the patient as an individual
2. Essential requirements of care
3. Tailoring healthcare services for each
   person
4. Continuity of care and relationships
5. Enabling active participation in care

Question 10

1. Knowing the Patient as an Individual

Answer 10

• Treating the person, not the disease
• Acknowledging individuality
• Recognising that each person experiences their health and
  disease in a unique way

Question 11

2. Essential Requirements of Care

Answer 11

• Supporting the person’s needs (beyond that of just ‘the treatment’)
• Respect for the person
• Concerns are listened to and addressed
• Support to maintain independence
• Consent

Question 12

3. Tailoring Healthcare Services for each Person

Answer 12

• The Healthcare system needs to meet the access requirements equitably
• Cultural, religious, personal and psychosocial needs
• Healthcare in context (of social, family and personal circumstances)

Question 13

4. Continuity of Care and Relationships

Answer 13

• Continuity of care across:
• Healthcare practitioners
• Healthcare professions
• Healthcare services
• Communication
• Shared person centred goals and outcomes