Persecution

Question 1

Define Anti- Semitism

Answer 1

Opposition to and attack on Jews

Question 2

Define Aryan

Answer 2

Nazi term for someone of supposedly pure Germanic stock

Question 3

Define untermenschen

Answer 3

German word for sub humans

Question 4

Who did the Nazis believe were untermenschen?

Answer 4

Other races, Jews and Slavs

People from Eastern Europe

Question 5

What had Hitler blamed the Jews for?

Answer 5

‘Stab in the back’ theory
Treaty of Versailles
Hyperinflation in 1923

Question 6

How many Jews were in Germany in 1933?

Answer 6

Half a million

Question 7

Why were the Jews an easy target for Hitler?

Answer 7

A lot were successful (10% of doctors and 16% of lawyers were Jewish)
Many Germans were jealous of their success and suspicious of a very different religion

Question 8

Why did the Nazis see gypsies as a threat?

Answer 8

Non Aryan

Thought to be work shy

Question 9

When did the Nazis introduce a decree against gypsies?

Answer 9

1938

Gypsies forced to register so they could be controlled

Question 10

Who were vagrants?

Answer 10

Beggars
Men moving from town to town trying to find work
Young people who had left home

Question 11

How did Nazis control vagrants?

Answer 11

Forced them to work

In 1938 SS rounded up 100,000 and placed them in concentration camps

Question 12

How did the Nazis control black people?

Answer 12

1935 banned marriage to Aryans
Treatment similar to gypsies
Children who were born to German women by black soldiers who had been stationed in the Rhineland were sterilized

Question 13

How did the Nazis control the mentally ill?

Answer 13

Sterilized many
By 1945, nearly 300,000 had been sterilized
Became more extreme after start of WW2
Set out to kill them, by 1945, 70,000 had been murdered

Question 14

How were Jews persecuted in 1933/1934?

Answer 14

Boycott Jewish shops
Sacked from jobs such as lawyers/ civil servants
Banned from public places such as parks, swimming baths

Question 15

What professions were Jews banned from in 1936?

Answer 15

Vets
Dentists
Accountants

Question 16

When were Jewish children excluded from German schools and universities?

Answer 16

1938

Question 17

When were the Nuremberg Laws introduced?

Answer 17

1935

Question 18

What did the Nuremberg Laws do?

Answer 18

Denied Jews citizenship
Lost right to vote and hold govt office
Banned marriage between Jews and Aryans

Question 19

When was Kristallnacht?

Answer 19

9-10 November 1938

Question 20

What happened on Kristallnacht?

Answer 20

Thousands of Jewish shop windows smashed
815 shops destroyed
191 synagogues set on fire
76 synagogues demolished
91 Jews killed
20,000 arrested

Question 21

Why is Kristallnacht a turning point for treatment of Jews?

Answer 21

It turned violent from this point

Question 22

How were Gypsies persecuted in Nazi Germany?

Answer 22

1933- often arrested and sent to concentration camps
1936- forced to live in special camps
1938- banned from travelling in groups/ took aware German citizenship
1939- plans to forcibly remove all gypsies from Germany

Question 23

How were homosexuals persecuted in Nazi Germany?

Answer 23

Laws encouraged voluntary castration
Large numbers of men imprisoned for being a homosexual
Often sent to concentration camps- over 5,000 men died there.

Question 24

How were people with disabilities persecuted in Nazi Germany?

Answer 24

1933- Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring- compulsory sterilisation for mentally ill, alcoholic, deformed, epileptic, deaf or blind.
1939 T4 Programme- babies with severe disabilities killed. Eventually juveniles up to 17 years old with disabilities were included- over 5,000 killed.