Nazi Control Flashcards
What is Censorship?
When unacceptable parts, or whole books, films etc. are officially suppressed
What were Concentration Camps?
Prisons were inmates were treated with great brutality
Who were the Gestapo?
Nazi Secret Police
What is indoctrination?
Brainwashing people into accepting ideas
What is a Police State?
A totalitarian state controlled by a police force
How did the Nazis control Germans through fear?
The Police State
Law Courts
Control of Churches
How did the Nazis control by indoctrination?
Censorship
Propaganda
Name the key features of the Nazi Police State
SS SA Concentration Camps Gestapo Control of legal system
What was the SS’s role in the Police State?
Absolute power over those who did not follow Nazis
Could arrest and imprison without trial
Began to terrorise Germans and hunt down enemies of the state
By 1939 162,000 people had been imprisoned without trial
What was the role of the Gestapo in the Police State?
To seek out opponents of the regime
Phone tapping/ spying
Used informers
How did Hitler control the courts in Germany?
All judges took oath of loyalty to him
Got rid of juries
Trials usually resulted in a guilty verdict
Number of crimes punishable by death rose from 3 in 1933 to 46 by 1943 (listening to foreign radio station/ telling anti-Nazi joke)
Where and when was the first concentration camp set up?
Dachau in 1933
What was Goebbels official job title?
Minister of Enlightenment and Propaganda
What methods did Goebbels use to control Germans? hint Not different types of Propaganda
Book burning
No book could be published without his permission
Radio- all had short range so could not pick up foreign stations
Newspapers- against Nazis closed down/ had to get news from Nazi news agency
Reich Chamber of Culture- artists/ actors/ authors had to be a member to get approved work published/ perform
What methods of propaganda did Goebbels use to control Germans?
Posters Radio Cinema Berlin Olympics 1936 Rallies Culture
By 1939, what percentage of German homes had a radio?
70%
Where did the Nazis hold their annual Party rally?
Nuremberg
Why did Hitler want to reduce the influence of the Catholic church?
Catholics owed first allegiance to Pope
Preferred to send children to Catholic youth movement and schools
Catholic schools did not have the same level of control as state schools
What is the name of the agreement Hitler signed with the Catholic church in 1933?
Concordat
What were the terms of the Concordat?
Hitler promised not to interfere with the Catholic church
Catholic church would stay out of politics
When was the Catholic Youth made illegal?
1937
What effect did Hitler’s policies have on the Catholic Church?
Priests in concentration camps seen as martyrs
Church leaders applauded when they appeared in public
Churches packed every Sunday
Who was the leader of the Reich Church?
Ludwig Muller
What was the Reich Church?
Essentially a Nazi Church
Some leaders wore Nazi uniforms and gave the Nazi salute
What was the Confessional Church?
A Protestant church which opposed Hitler and the Reich Church
Who was the leader of the Confessional Church?
Pastor Martin Niemoller
Who was the leader of the SS?
Heinrich Himmler
Who was the leader of the SD and Gestapo?
Reinhard Heydrich
How many men were in the SS by the 1930’s?
240,000
What type of man did Himmler want to be in the SS?
Examples of perfect German Manhood
Expected to marry ‘racially pure’ wives and create ‘racially pure’ Germans for the future.
What was the role of the SD?
Uniformed
Kept an index of details of everyone suspected of opposing the Nazis
What was the role of the Gestapo?
Non- uniformed secret police Spy on people Tap phones Use network of informants Had permission to use torture
What was the main weapon of the Gestapo?
Fear- could not tell who they were!
Why was fear of the police force important to Hitler?
Never more than 30,000 Gestapo agents to police a population of 80 million! Fear was the greatest weapon!
How did Goebbels use the radio to control Germans?
All stations were Nazi
Senior Nazi’s made regular broadcasts
Radios were cheap and placed in cafes, factories and schools.
Speakers were placed on streets
By 1939 70% of households had a radio
Radios had a short range- could not pick up foreign stations
How did Goebbels ‘Nazify’ sport?
Covered stadiums in Nazi symbols
Insist all teams (inc visiting teams from abroad) did Nazi salute during national anthem
Hailing all victories for Nazi ideals- striving to be the best
What were the key features of Nazi cultural ideals?
Romantic ideas about Germany’s past
Nazi ideals- loyalty, struggle, self- sacrifice, discipline
How did Albert Speer design buildings to reflect Nazi ideals?
Designed huge buildings!
Key features of Ancient Rome and Greece- such as domes, arches and pillars
Use of Nazi flag
Which composers were promoted in Nazi Germany?
Wagner
Beethoven
Bach
