Permanent Maxillary Premolars Flashcards
T or F:
posterior teeth have longer crowns cervico-distally
false
shorter crowns
T or F:
posterior teeth have greater buccolingual measurement compared to mesiodistal
true
do posterior teeth have broader or narrower contact areas than anterior teeth?
broader, and the contact areas are more nearly at the same level
T or F:
posterior teeth have a greater curvature of cervical line mesial and distal compared to anterior teeth
false:
they have less of a curvature
which numbers represent the maxillary and mandibular permanent premolars?
- maxillary: 4, 5, 12, 13
- mandibular: 20, 21, 28, 29
what is a misconception about the name of bicuspids?
the number of cusps varies from 1-3; not always 2 (“bi”)
maxillary premolars develop from how many lobes?
4; same as anterior teeth
T or F:
maxillary premolars resemble canines when viewed from the buccal
true
buccal cusp of the first premolar is ____ and ____ and is used for _______ food.
- long
- sharp
- tearing
2nd premolar has a cusp that is _____ sharp which makes this tooth _____ efficient in grinding
- less
- more
are the crown and root of premolars longer or shorter than those of the canine?
shorter
marginal ridges of maxillary premolars are more ______ due to cusp development _____ and _____, and thus become part of the occlusal surface
- horizontal
- bucally
- lingually
how many roots and pulp canals do maxillary first premolars usually have?
2 roots and 2 canals, even when only one root appears present
is the buccal or lingual cusp of the maxillary first premolar longer?
buccal is 1mm longer than lingual
T or F:
contact areas of maxillary permanent first premolar mesial and distal are at different levels
false:
same level
is the mesial slope of the buccal cusp of the maxillary permanent first premolar shorter or longer than the distal?
longer (opposite of canine)
maxillary permanent first premolar roots will be ______mm shorter than canine
3-4mm
maxillary premanent first premolar will have developmental depressions ____ and ____ to the ridge
mesial and distal
in the maxillary premanent first premolar, the _____ cusp is long and fairly pointed before wear, and ____ surface is convex showing a strong buccal ridge
buccal, buccal
what is the shape of the maxillary premanent first premolar from the buccal aspect?
trapezoidal
in the maxillary premanent first premolar, there is very _____ curvature of the cervical line with the crest of the curve near the center of the root.
little
in the buccal aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the mesial outline is _____ from the cervical line to the contact area, and the mesial slope of the buccal cusp is ____ and ____, with a possible ____.
- concave
- straight
- long
- notch
in the buccal aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the distal outline is more _____ to slightly _____, and the contact area curve is ____ broad than mesial
- straight
- concave
- more
in the lingual aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the crown tapers to the ____, and the ____ cusp is _____ mesiodistal than the buccal
- lingual
- lingual
- narrower
from the lingual aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the lingual cusp is ____ and ____, making the lingual surface ____.
- smooth
- spheroidal
- convex
from the lingual aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, may have a lingual ridge just at the ____ tip.
cusp
from the lingual aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the cervical line is a ____ curve with a slight curve toward the ____
- regular
- root
from the lingual aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, you can see both cusps due to what?
shorter lingual cusp
T or F:
the lingual portion of the root of the maxillary premanent first premolar is smooth at all points
true, and the apex of the lingual root may be more blunt than the buccal
from the mesial view of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the lingual cusp tip is most often in line with which border of the lingual root?
the lingual border
from the mesial aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the buccal outline of the buccal root is ____ and tends toward the ____
- straight
- lingual
from the mesial aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the lingual outline of the lingual root is fairly _____, and the root trunk is ____
- straight
- long
from the mesial aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, when only one root is found, the developmental depression is found where?
all along the root
from the mesial aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, just cervical to the contact area, centered is a depression called the ____ _____ ____, and is note found on 2nd premolars
mesial developmental depression
the mesial developmental depression of the maxillary premanent first premolar extends onto the surface extending and ends at the ____
bifurcation
from the mesial aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, a groove in the enamel in the marginal ridge in line with the mesial developmental depression is found, and is called what?
mesial marginal developmental groove
the occlusal aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar shows a _____ shape, connecting which surfaces?
- hexagonal (6)
- mesiobuccal, mesiolingual, distolingual, distobuccal, distal, mesial
describe the length of the sides of surfaces from the occlusal aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar
- two buccal sides are almost equal
- mesial shorter than distal
- mesiolingual shorter than distolingual
from the occlusal aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the crest of the distal contact area is more ____ than the mesial, and the crest of the buccal ridge is more ____ than the lingual
- buccal
- distal
the occlusal surface of the maxillary premanent first premolar is bound by ____ ridges and ____ ridges
- cusp
- marginal
from the occlusal aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, m-b and d-b cusp ridges are _______, and the d-b ridge is more ____
- in line with each other
- buccal
from the mesial aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the shape is ____ with the longest part at _____
- trapezoid
- cervical
from the mesial aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the tips of cusps are within the confines of the ____ ____
root trunk
from the mesial aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the cervical line may be ____ or ____
regular or irregular
from the mesial aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the crest of curvature on the buccal is ath the junction of the ____ and ____ thirds
cervical and middle thirds
from the mesial aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the lingual outline is a ____ curve from cervical line to cusp tip, with crest at the ________.
- smooth
- middle of the middle third
from the distal aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the crown surface is all ____ with slight flat area ____ to the contact area
- convex
- cervical
from the distal aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, compared to the mesial aspect, the curvature is ____ on the distal
less
from the distal aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, there is not a __________ crossing the marginal ridge
deep developmental groove
from the distal aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the root trunk is ____
flat
from the distal aspect of the maxillary premanent first premolar, the bifurcation is abrupt, with ______ as found on the mesial
no grooves
the maxillary 2nd premolar is _____ rounded than the first, and ____ angular in all aspects
- more
- less
the maxillary 2nd premolar has how many roots?
a single root
the maxillary 2nd premolar will have more or less variations than the first premolar?
more variations
the maxillary 2nd premolar crown is uaually ____ in all dimensions than the first premolar, but can also be ____
- smaller
- large
T or F:
the maxillary 2nd premolar root may be as great or even longer than the first premolar
true
describe the chorology of the maxillary 2nd premolar
- first evidence of calcification: 2-2.5 years
- enamel completed: 6-7 years
- eruption: 10-12 years
- root completion: 12-14 years
from the buccal aspect of the maxillary 2nd premolar, the buccal cusp is how long compared to the 2st premolar? and it is more or less pointed?
- may not be as long as the 1st premolar
- cusp is less pointed
from the buccal aspect of the maxillary 2nd premolar, the mesial slope of the buccal cusp ridge is ____ than the distal
shorter
from the buccal aspect of the maxillary 2nd premolar, the crown and root may be ____ at cervical portion than 1st premolar
thicker
from the buccal aspect of the maxillary 2nd premolar, the buccal ridge is ____ prominent
less
from the lingual aspect of the maxillary 2nd premolar, the lingual cusp is ___ than 1st premolar, giving the appearance of a ____ crown
- longer
- longer
from the mesial aspect of the maxillary 2nd premolar, there is ____ distance between cusp tips, giving ____ occlusal surface mesiodistally
- greater
- wider
from the mesial aspect of the maxillary 2nd premolar, there is no developmental depression seen on the ____ surface, and is ____ instead
- mesial
- convex
from the mesial aspect of the maxillary 2nd premolar, there will be a _________ on the single root
shallow depression
from the mesial aspect of the maxillary 2nd premolar, no deep developmental groove crossing the ___________
mesial marginal ridge
from the mesial aspect of the maxillary 2nd premolar, the geometric outline is ____
trapezoidal
from the distal aspect of the maxillary 2nd premolar, the distal root depression is _____ than the mesial depression
deeper, which is opposite of the 1st premolar
from the occlusal aspect of the maxillary 2nd premolar, the outline of the crown is more ______-____, rather than angular
rounded-oval
from the occlusal aspect of the maxillary 2nd premolar, the central groove is _____ with more supplemental grooves radiating ___
- shorter
- out
- this gives a wrinkled appearance
the permanent maxillary 2nd premolar may have 2 canals from the _____ aspect, and the _____ pulp horn is most prominent
- buccolingual aspect
- buccal pulp horn
the permanent maxillary 2nd premolar pulp chamber floor is ____ the cervical level
below
the permanent maxillary 2nd premolar mesiodistal dimension of the pulp chamber tapers from ____ to ____
occlusal to apical
the permanent maxillary 2nd premolar pulp cavity in the cervical region is ____ shaped
kidney
the permanent maxillary 2nd premolar usually has how many roots/canals?
one
the permanent maxillary 2nd premolar has well developed pulp horns, with a broad chamber in what direction?
buccolingual
the permanent maxillary 2nd premolar pulp cavity is narrow in what direction?
mesiodistally
