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GI I > Peritoneum > Flashcards

Peritoneum Flashcards

1
Q

What are the primary retroperitoneal organs?

A

The kidneys, ureters, and supra-renal glands.

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2
Q

What are the secondary retroperitoneal organs?

A

Most of the duodenum (except the first and last parts), the ascending and descending colons, and the pancreas. (AC/DC Party Down).

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3
Q

What is clinically relevant about the fusion fascia of secondary retroperitoneal organs?

A

They can be easily separated during surgery to mobilize the ascending and descending colons, ect.

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4
Q

What is the mesentery?

A

A double layer of peritoneum where the gut grew into lateral plate mesoderm during development.

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5
Q

What does the mesentery provide?

A

A pathway fro blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves to reach their organs.

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6
Q

What are some important dorsal mesentery derivatives?

A

The greater omentum, the mesentery proper, the splenorenal ligament, and the phrenicocolic ligament.

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7
Q

Where is the greater omentum attached?

A

To the greater curvature of the stomach.

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8
Q

What are three parts of the greater omentum?

A

The gastrocolic ligament, the gastrosplenic ligament, and the gastrophrenic ligament.

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9
Q

Where is the gastrocolic ligament located?

A

From the stomach to the transverse colon.

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10
Q

Where is the gastrosplenic ligament located?

A

From the stomach to the spleen.

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11
Q

Where si the gastrophrenic ligament located?

A

From the stomach to the diaphragm.

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12
Q

What is the mesentery proper?

A

The mesentery (derived from dorsal mesentery) that covers the small intestines.

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13
Q

What are the ventral mesentery derivatives?

A

The lesser omentum, the falciform ligament, and the coronary and triangular ligaments.

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14
Q

What are the parts of the lesser omentum?

A

The hepatogastric ligament and the hepatoduodenal ligament.

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15
Q

What is the falciform ligament?

A

A peritoneal attachment of the liver to the anterior body wall.

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16
Q

What does the falciform ligament contain?

A

The ligamentum teres hepatis (remnant of the umbilical vein).

17
Q

What are the divisions of the peritoneal cavity?

A

The lesser sac (omental bursa) and the greater sac.

18
Q

What is the lesser sac (omental bursa)?

A

The region of the peritoneal cavity posterior to the stomach and greater/lesser omentum. The greater sac is the rest of the cavity.

19
Q

How is the lesser sac (omental bursa) formed?

A

By the rotation of the stomach embryologically.

20
Q

What are the subdivisions of the greater sac?

A

The supracolic and infracolic compartments.

21
Q

What is the infracolic compartment further subdivided into?

A

A left and right infracolic compartment and a left and right paracolic gutter.

22
Q

Where is the supracolic compartment located?

A

Superior to the transverse colon.

23
Q

What does the supracolic compartment contain?

A

The stomach, liver, spleen, and gallbladder.

24
Q

What are two clinically relevant recesses within the supracolic compartment?

A

The subphrenic recess and the hepatorenal recess (Morrison’s pouch) .

25
Q

Where is the subphrenic recess located?

A

Between the liver and diaphragm.

26
Q

Where is the hepatorenal recess (Morrison’s pouch) located?

A

Between the liver and right kidney.

27
Q

What is clinically relevant about the subphrenic and hepatorenal recesses?

A

They are where fluid is most likely to accumulate in ascites.

28
Q

Where is the infracolIc compartment located?

A

Inferior to the transverse mesocolon (mesentery over transverse colon).

29
Q

What does the infracolic compartment contain?

A

The small intestine, ascending colon, and descending colon.

30
Q

What separates the infracolic compartment into left and right components?

A

The mesentery proper.

31
Q

Where are the paracolic gutters located?

A

Between the posterolateral body wall and ascending (on right) and descending (on left) colons.

32
Q

What is the epiploic foramen?

A

A connection between the greater and lesser sacs.

33
Q

What is the anterior boundary of the epiploic foramen?

A

The hepatoduodenal ligament.

34
Q

What is the posterior boundary of the epiploic foramen?

A

The IVC.

35
Q

What is the superior boundary of the epiploic foramen?

A

The liver.

36
Q

What is the inferior boundary of the epiploic foramen?

A

The first part of the duodenum.

37
Q

What does the coronary ligament attach?

A

The liver to the inferior diaphragm.

38
Q

What does the triangular ligament attach?

A

The liver to the diaphragm on the right and left sides.

GI I (12 decks)

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