Peritoneum Flashcards
What are the primary retroperitoneal organs?
The kidneys, ureters, and supra-renal glands.
What are the secondary retroperitoneal organs?
Most of the duodenum (except the first and last parts), the ascending and descending colons, and the pancreas. (AC/DC Party Down).
What is clinically relevant about the fusion fascia of secondary retroperitoneal organs?
They can be easily separated during surgery to mobilize the ascending and descending colons, ect.
What is the mesentery?
A double layer of peritoneum where the gut grew into lateral plate mesoderm during development.
What does the mesentery provide?
A pathway fro blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves to reach their organs.
What are some important dorsal mesentery derivatives?
The greater omentum, the mesentery proper, the splenorenal ligament, and the phrenicocolic ligament.
Where is the greater omentum attached?
To the greater curvature of the stomach.
What are three parts of the greater omentum?
The gastrocolic ligament, the gastrosplenic ligament, and the gastrophrenic ligament.
Where is the gastrocolic ligament located?
From the stomach to the transverse colon.
Where is the gastrosplenic ligament located?
From the stomach to the spleen.
Where si the gastrophrenic ligament located?
From the stomach to the diaphragm.
What is the mesentery proper?
The mesentery (derived from dorsal mesentery) that covers the small intestines.
What are the ventral mesentery derivatives?
The lesser omentum, the falciform ligament, and the coronary and triangular ligaments.
What are the parts of the lesser omentum?
The hepatogastric ligament and the hepatoduodenal ligament.
What is the falciform ligament?
A peritoneal attachment of the liver to the anterior body wall.
What does the falciform ligament contain?
The ligamentum teres hepatis (remnant of the umbilical vein).
What are the divisions of the peritoneal cavity?
The lesser sac (omental bursa) and the greater sac.
What is the lesser sac (omental bursa)?
The region of the peritoneal cavity posterior to the stomach and greater/lesser omentum. The greater sac is the rest of the cavity.
How is the lesser sac (omental bursa) formed?
By the rotation of the stomach embryologically.
What are the subdivisions of the greater sac?
The supracolic and infracolic compartments.
What is the infracolic compartment further subdivided into?
A left and right infracolic compartment and a left and right paracolic gutter.
Where is the supracolic compartment located?
Superior to the transverse colon.
What does the supracolic compartment contain?
The stomach, liver, spleen, and gallbladder.
What are two clinically relevant recesses within the supracolic compartment?
The subphrenic recess and the hepatorenal recess (Morrison’s pouch) .
