Peritoneal Cavity and Mesenteries

Question 1

Which layer of the peritoneum is sensitive to pain, pressure, and temperature?

Answer 1

The parietal peritoneum

Question 2

Which layer of the peritoneum is sensitive to chemical irritation and stretch, including hypoxia?

Answer 2

The visceral peritoneum

Question 3

What is the nerve, lymphatics, and blood supply of the parietal peritoneum?

Answer 3

It is derived from the structures it innervates

Question 4

What are the two types of Retroperitoneal organs and how are they distinguished?

Answer 4

Primarily: Never had mesentery attached to them Secondarily: Later fused to the posterior body wall but originally had a mesentery surrounding them

Question 5

What are the structures that are considered to be primarily retroperitoneal organs?

Answer 5

Aorta, Vena Cava, Kidneys, Suprarenal Glands, and Ureter (AVK=SU)

Question 6

What are the structures that are considered to be Secondarily retroperitoneal organs?

Answer 6

2nd, 3rd, and 4th parts of the Duodenum, Pancreas (except for the tail), & Asecending and Descending Colon {234-PAD}

Question 7

What is the composition of the Dorsal Mesentery?

Answer 7

Posterior body wall –> Stomach

Question 8

What is the composition of the ventral mesentery?

Answer 8

Stomach to the liver

Question 9

What is primarily responsible for the creation of the omental bursa (lesser sac)?

Answer 9

Omental bursa (lesser sac) is created via outpouching of the dorsal mesentery

Question 10

What does the Splenorenal ligament comprise?

Answer 10

SPleen to the body wall; aka (lineorenal)

Question 11

What does the Gastrosplenic ligament comprise?

Answer 11

SPleen to the stomach

Question 12

What does the Lesser Omentum comprise?

Answer 12

Stomach to liver

Question 13

What are the two components of the Lesser Omentum?

Answer 13

Hepatogastric: Liver to stomach Hepatduodenal: Liver to 1st part of the duodenum

Question 14

What does the Falciform ligament comprise?

Answer 14

Liver to the anterior body wall

Question 15

What is the connection between the lesser Sac and the Greater Sac?

Answer 15

Epiploic Foramen (Omental Foramen)

Question 16

Where is the Portal Triad and what does it consist of?

Answer 16

1) Heptaduodenal Ligament (in the Lesser Omentum; stomach to the liver)
2) Proper Hepatic A., Bile Duct, and Portal V. (PBP)

Question 17

In the Portal Triad; which structure is the most 1) posterior & 2) Medial?

Answer 17

1) Portal V. (Most Posterior)
2) Proper Hepatic A. (most medial)

Question 18

What is the Anterior border of the Epiploic Foramen?

Answer 18

1) Hepatoduodenal ligament and portal triad

Question 19

What is the posterior border of the Epiploic Foramen?

Answer 19

Inferior Vena Cava and Rt. Crus of the diaphragm

Crus of the diaphragm (is an X between the Aorta and Diaphragm)

Question 20

What is the Superior border of the Epiploic Foramen?

Answer 20

Caudate lobe of the liver

Question 21

What is the Inferior border of the Epiploic Foramen?

Answer 21

1st part of the duodenum

Question 22

What is the lesser omentum comprised of?

Answer 22

1) Gastrohepatic Ligament and the Hepatoduodenal ligament (containing the portal triad)

Question 23

What is the destination and origin of the Transversa Mesocolon?

Answer 23

1) Transverse colon to the posterior body wall
2) Other side is the Gastrocolic Ligament; Stomach to the colon

Question 24

What is the Greater Omentum comprised of?

Answer 24

Gastrophrenic Ligament, Gastrosplenic Ligament, and Gastrocolic Ligament

Question 25

What kind of rupture would result in the contents of the stomach being spilled into the lesser sac?

Answer 25

Posterior rupture

Question 26

What is the preferred course of treatment for intesting the becomes lodged in the lesser sac?

Answer 26

Need decompression; as one cannot lacerate any of the surrounding tissues as they are vital

Question 27

What are the two divisions that the transverso mesocolon divides the peritoneal cavity into?

Answer 27

Supracolic compartment and the infracolic compartment

Question 28

What are the contents of the Supracolic compartment?

Answer 28

Stomach, Liver, Spleen

Question 29

What are the contents of the infracolic compartments?

Answer 29

Small intestine, ascending and descending colon

Question 30

What is the definition/ location of a Paracolic gutter?

Answer 30

Paracolic gutters are grooves between the lateral aspect of the ascending & descendingn colon and the posterior abdominal wall

Question 31

What determines the positon of the right and left paracolic spaces?

Answer 31

The position of the mesentery and where it is

Question 32

What is the deepest part of the Greater Sac in Men?

Answer 32

Rectoveiscular pouch (Between the rectum and the bladder)

Question 33

What is the deepest part of the Greater Sac in Women?

Answer 33

Rectourine Pouch

Question 34

Where might pus accumulate within the abdominal cavity in a patient who is laying down?

Answer 34

Right subphrenic Space

Question 35

What is the definitoin of ascites?

Answer 35

Excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Question 36

What is the tail of the pancreas considered as?

Answer 36

Intraperitoneal

Question 37

What shoud be checked for on CT when there is cancer of the head of the pancreas found?

Answer 37

Check for compromise of the SMA (Superior Mesenteric Artery) & SMV (Superior Mesenteric V.)

2) Also, check for blockage of the common bile duct

Question 38

What structures derive from the Hepatic portal V. ?>

Answer 38

Inferior Mesenteric V. –> SPlenic V.

& Superior Mesentric V.