PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES

Question 1

Any disease or condition caused by a
disturbance or dysfunction on peripheral
vasculature

Answer 1

PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES

Question 2

• A.k.a endothelium; inner lining /

wall of b. vessels

Answer 2

1. Tunica intima

Question 3

• Made up of smooth ms. ; very

well developed in arteries

Answer 3

2. Tunica media / intermedia

Question 4

• Outermost layer of b. vessels ;

very well developed in veins

Answer 4

3. Tunica adventitia / externa

Question 5

• Site of gas exchange
• Walls composed only of a thin
  endothelium

Answer 5

Capillaries

Question 6

• Carry oxygenated blood away

from the heart

Answer 6

2. Arteries

Question 7

- Carry deoxygenated blood
towards the heart
- Have valves to prevent backflow
and so prevent pooling of blood
on the LE.
- Walls are less rigid and readily
change shape when muscles
press on them

Answer 7

3. Veins

Question 8

Functions of the Lymphatic System

Answer 8

➢ Drains excess fluid from the interstitial space,
removing excess fluid, blood waste, and
protein molecules (substances that have
leaked out from capillaries)
➢ (+) Immune functions; protect the body from
infections and diseases

Question 9

Lymphatic Ducts

Answer 9

➢ Thoracic Duct

➢ Right Lymphatic Duct

Question 10

○ Larger; serves the LE and abdomen; left

side of the arm, neck, and thoracic region

Answer 10

➢ Thoracic Duct

Question 11

○ Smaller; serves the right side of the arm,

neck, and thoracic region

Answer 11

➢ Right Lymphatic Duct

Question 12

MOI: ARTERIAL INSUFFICIENCY

Answer 12

Plaques/Atherosclerosis → decreased
oxygen supply → tissue ischemia →
necrosis/ulceration → PVD

Question 13

Manifestations for ARTERIAL INSUFFICIENCY

Answer 13

Pain

Question 14

○ Pain for ARTERIAL INSUFFICIENCY
■ Usually described as ___
■ Pain with vascular origin is usually
described as _____

Answer 14

cramping pain

diffuse, pounding, and aching

Question 15

■ 2 Kinds of Pain

Answer 15

● Resting: c90% blockage; tx is CI

● Intermittent: ≤70% blockage

Question 16

● Decreased blood supply to
working/exercising muscles
● After a certain duration, pain
will be elicited

Answer 16

■ Intermittent Claudication

Question 17

90% blockage; tx is CI

Answer 17

● Resting:

Question 18

≤70% blockage

Answer 18

● Intermittent:

Question 19

Goal Intermittent Claudication

Answer 19

To increase collateral

circulation of working muscle

Question 20

“Pins and needles”

sensation; may lead to sensory loss

Answer 20

○ Paresthesia -

Question 21

d/t/ decrease in nutrients

Answer 21

○ Paralysis -

Question 22

• d/t decrease in blood supply

Answer 22

○ Pallor

Question 23

Cold Extremities

Answer 23

○ Polar -

Question 24

severe consequence of

circulatory disorders

Answer 24

○ Ulcerations -

Question 25

Drym scaly

skin and hair loss in distal body parts

Answer 25

○ Trophic Skin Changes -

Question 26

Arteriosclerosis Obliterans (ASO) Aka ___

Answer 26

chronic occlusive arterial disease

Question 27

○ most common arterial disorder

Answer 27

Arteriosclerosis Obliterans (ASO)

Question 28

Arteriosclerosis Obliterans (ASO) usually affects___ & ___ arteries of the lower extremities

Answer 28

LARGE and MEDIUM

Question 29

MOI of Arteriosclerosis Obliterans (ASO):

Answer 29

plaques →turbulent flow →tunica intima will be damaged →inflammation →platelet aggregation →further blockage in lumen →cycle continues (until 90%blockage) →C.I. PT/OT

Question 30

2nd most common arterial disorder

Answer 30

Thromboangiitis Obliterans

Question 31

Thromboangiitis Obliterans aka __

Answer 31

aka Buerger’s disease

Question 32

Thromboangiitis Obliterans usually affects ____arteries of the lower extremities

Answer 32

MEDIUM and SMALL

Question 33

MOI of Thromboangiitis Obliterans

Answer 33

smoking (nicotine) →inflammation and vasoconstriction→decreased arterial circulation →ischemia →ulceration and necrosis →TAO

Question 34

Reynaud’s Disease

○ ETIOLOGY:

Answer 34

■ sympathetic nervous system

abnormality

Question 35

● reflex vasodilation or reactive

hyperemia

Answer 35

■ Red