Peripheral Vascular Disease Flashcards
Peripheral Vascular Disease?
diseases of arteries and veins except for the heart
any occlusive process that limits blood flow to or from the limbs or to vital organs other than the heart
Atherosclerosis?
most common condition affecting the arterial system in the elderly
in the lower extremity is a disease of the elderly
Venous Disease Categories?
Deep
Superficial
Deep Vein Disease Risk factors?
Injury (Surgery) Stasis (immobility) Hypercoagulative state Obesity Age
Virchow’s Triad?
Injury, Stasis, Hypercoagulable State
DVT often presents with?
Classic symptoms of DVT
-pain, edema, warmth is variable, Positive Homan’s Sign
DVT (deep vein thrombosis) Diagnosis?
History and Physical
High Index of suspicion
Venous Doppler Study (ultrasound)
DVT treatment?
anticoagulant, warm moist packs, elevate, invasive-thrombectomy, thpmbolytics, inferior vena cava filter (especially with 2nd)
DVT sequale?
most important
PE- pulmonary embolism
life threatening, don’t want to miss
PE signs and symptoms?
Chest pain, shortness of breath, anxiety, tachycardia, respiratory distress, shock, death
Superficial Venous Disease?
Not so dramatic as DVT
Chronic
Can be a real mess:
-varicose veins, superficial phlebitis, stasis dematitis, venous ulcers
Superficial phlebitis?
bad varicose veins, feel warmth
Superficial Venous Disease Risk factors?
Sedentary, Obesity, Varicose veins, poor hygiene, age
Superficial Venous Disease Signs and Symptoms?
Ache, Edema, Rash, Inflammation, Ulcers(feet)
Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease?
Hardening of the arteries
most common arterial disease of the elderly
Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease Risk Factors?
Smoking, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, Diabetes, Sendentary Lifestyle, Age, Family History
Treatable risk factors of Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease?
Smoking, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, Diabetes, Sendentary Lifestyle
Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease Signs and Symptoms?
Ache/Pain, Claudication, Loss of hair, numbness, coolness, pallor and cyanosis, absent pulse
Claudication?
pain in legs on walking relieved by rest
Peripheral arterial disease?
reduced blood flow and oxygen delivery to tissues
this causes pain with walking (increase oxygen demand of skeletal muscle)
Pain in peripheral arterial disease vs DVT?
DVT pain never goes away
peripheral arterial pain gets better with rest
The anatomy of Claudication? (what arteries it affects in different locations)
Buttock and Hip= Aortoilliac arteries
Thigh= Common Femoral Artery
Calf(upper 2/3)= Superficial Femoral Artery
Calf (lower 1/3)= Poplitial artery
Foot- Tibial or Peroneal artery (fibular artery)
Treatment/ modify risk factors Peripheral arterial disease?
Stop smoking, control hypertension, lower lipids, control diabetes, exercise
Peripheral arterial disease medicines?
Anti-platelet agents
-Aspirin, Clopidogrel, Cilostazol, Pentoxyfylline
Lipid lowering agents
ACE inhibitors