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Clinical Neuro > Peripheral Neuropathologies - Causes > Flashcards

Peripheral Neuropathologies - Causes Flashcards

1
Q

What are some Etiologies of Guillain Barre Syndrome?

A
  • Viral illness (respiratory, GI)
  • CMV
  • EBV
  • HIV
  • Mycoplasma
  • Campylobacter jejuni - will trigger a special type that will attack the axons not the myelin
  • Lymphoma
  • Vaccines
  • Immunization
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2
Q

What are some Etiologies of Uremic Polyneuropathy?

A
  • 300-2000 molecular weight toxins
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3
Q

What is the cause of a diabetic neuropathy?

A
  • Compression, infarct, occulsion of the vasa nervorum ( little blood vessels of the nerve that can have a stroke)
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4
Q

What neuropathies do the following toxins cause:

  • Arsenic:
  • Lead:
  • Mercury:
  • Thallium:
A

Arsenic–>sensorimotor peripheral polyneuropathy, Mees lines, GI symp
Lead–> wrist drop
Mercury–> Blindness, peripheral neuropathy
Thallium–> sensory and autonomic findings; alopecia

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5
Q

What types of neuropathies can Sarcoidosis cause?

A
  • Cranial mononeuropathies, peripheral polyneuropathy
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6
Q

What are types of neuropathies does amyloidosis cause?

A

Small fiber neuropathy and carpal tunnel syndrome

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7
Q

What are the causes of nutritional peripheral neuropathies?

A
  • B1, B3, B6, B12, Vit E deficiencies
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8
Q

What is the causes of Charcot -Marie - Tooth disease?

A

Hereditary, X-linked or autosominal dominant

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9
Q

What are the causes of Bell’s Palsy?

A
  • Viral

- Autoimmune

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10
Q

What are the causes of Trigeminal Neuralgia?

A
  • Idiopathic
  • Multiple Sclerosis
  • Vascular
  • Tumor
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11
Q

What are the causes of Horner’s Syndrome?

A
  • Stroke
  • Cervical Spine Disease
  • T1 radiculopathy - Pancoast’s Tumor
  • Neck pathology - thyroiditis
  • Carotid artery dissection
  • Cavernous sinus pathology- aneurysm
  • Orbital pathology - behind the eye
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12
Q

What are the causes of Brachial Plexopathies?

A
  • Immunizations, infection, diabetes mellitus, vasculitis, trauma, surgery, heroin, radiation, idiopathic
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13
Q

What are the causes of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

A
  • Trauma
  • Amyloid (deposits in the carpal tunnel and compression)
  • Acromegaly
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Pregnancy
  • Structural Changes
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Diabetes mellitus
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14
Q

What are the causes of ulnar mononeuropathy?

A
  • Trauma (fracture or compression)
  • Bony abnormalities (arthritis)
  • Diabetes mellitus
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15
Q

What are the causes of radial mononeuropathy?

A
  • Trauma
  • Injection
  • Fracture
  • Lead
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Handcuff neuropathy
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16
Q

What are causes of fibular mononeuropathy?

A
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Trauma
  • Compression
  • Vasculitis
17
Q

What are the causes of sciatic mononeuropathy?

A
  • Trauma
  • Surgery
  • Injection
  • External compression
  • Masses
18
Q

What are the causes of femoral mononeuropathy?

A
  • diabetes meelitus
  • catheterization
  • hematoma
19
Q

What are the causes Meraligia Paresthetica?

A
  • Obesity
  • Weight loss
  • Tight clothes
  • Tight Belts
20
Q

What are the causes of lumbosacral plexopathy?

A
  • Tumor
  • Abscess
  • Trauma
  • Obstetric
  • Hematoma
  • Radiation
  • Diabetes Mellitus
  • Idiopathic
21
Q

What are the causes of Sciatica?

A

Sciatica is an S1 radiculopathy; causes bony abnormalities, herniated disc, trauma, inflammatory, tumor, diabetes mellitus, vasculitis or infection

22
Q

What is the cause of spondylosis?

A
  • Acquired or hereditary.

- The acquired type is caused by degenerative arthritis involving the facet joints

23
Q

What is the cause of arachnoiditis (inflammation of the membranes around the spinal cord?

A
  • Intrathecal: dye, anesthetic drugs, steroids, amphotericin B, methotrexate
  • Infections: tuberculosis, cryptococcus, syphilis, viral
  • Trauma: spinal surgery, vertebral injuries, disc herniations
24
Q

What are the causes of Raynaud’s Phenomenon?

A
  • Arterial obstruction, connective tissue disease, trauma, medication (beta blockers)
25
Q

What are the causes of Causalgia?

A
  • Caused by trauma to a nerve resulting in injury to sympathetic fibers
26
Q

What are the causes of Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy?

A
  • caused by blunt trauma to soft tissue and bone,

- -> (other causes) stroke, myocardial infarct, angina, degenerative joint disease

27
Q

What grade will knowing this shit cold get you?

A

20%

Clinical Neuro (2 decks)

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