Peripheral Nervous System

Question 1

What is the peripheral nervous system divided into

Answer 1

sensory(afferent) and motor(efferent), motor can be divided into autonomic and somatic, and autonomic being divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 2

What are the groups of nerves in the PNS?

Answer 2

31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of cranial nerves

Question 3

Where do somatic afferent nerves convey information from?

Answer 3

skin, skeletal muscle and joints

Question 4

Where do somatic efferent nerves convey information to?

Answer 4

skeletal muscle

Question 5

What is a dermatome?

Answer 5

An area of skin that is supplied by a single spinal nerve?

Question 6

What is an area of skin that is supplied by a single spinal nerve called?

Answer 6

A dermatome

Question 7

What is a myotome?

Answer 7

A group of muscles innervated at a single spinal nerve

Question 8

What is a group of muscles innervated at a single spinal nerve called?

Answer 8

A myotome

Question 9

What is parenthesia?

Answer 9

Abnormal sensory feeling/sensation due to nerve damage

Question 10

What is anaesthesia?

Answer 10

No sensory feeling/sensation due to nerve damage/anaesthesia

Question 11

Visceral efferent nerves can be divided into?

Answer 11

sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 12

What do sympathetic efferent nerves innervate?

Answer 12

Viscera(organs) and periphery(vasculature and sweat glands)

Question 13

What do peripheral efferent nerves innervate?

Answer 13

Only viscera(organs)

Question 14

What is a ganglion?

Answer 14

collection of cell bodies outside the CNS

Question 15

What is a nucleus?

Answer 15

A collection of cell bodies inside the CNS

Question 16

What is a plexus?

Answer 16

A network of interconnecting nerves

Question 17

Where do afferent fibres have their cell bodies?

Answer 17

spinal ganglia

Question 18

Where do all efferent nerve synapses lie?

Answer 18

peripheral ganglion

Question 19

What are fasciculi?

Answer 19

Bundle of peripheral nerves

Question 20

What are nociceptors?

Answer 20

Pain receptors, not to be confused with pain

Question 21

How can we classify sensory receptors?

Answer 21

Whether they detect external or internal information and by class of stimulus

Question 22

What do Golgi tendon organs detect?

Answer 22

Tension in tendons

Question 23

What do joint receptors detect?

Answer 23

Start and end of movement

Question 24

Where are joint receptors found?

Answer 24

Joint capsules

Question 25

What type of receptors are muscle spindles, Golgi tendon organs and joint receptors?

Answer 25

Proprioceptors

Question 26

What is a motor unit?

Answer 26

A single lower motor neurone and all of the muscle fibres it innervates

Question 27

What are external receptors called and what are examples of stimuli they receive

Answer 27

Exteroceptors, eg pain, temp and pressure

Question 28

What can we divide internal sensory receptors into ,giving examples of each

Answer 28

Proprioceptors (eg movement and joint position) and interceptors (eg blood ph and gut movement)

Question 29

What types of receptors are there if these are divided by mode of detection?

Answer 29

chemoreceptors, photoreceptors, thermorecepotrs, mechanoreceptors, nociceptors, baroreceptors…

Question 30

What is bundle of nerves called?

Answer 30

Fasciclui

Question 31

What is the connective tissue in fascicule organised into?

Answer 31

Epineurium (external vascular layer), perineurium (what individual fascicles are covered in) and endometrium (what individual axons are covered in)