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Anatomy Lecture > Peripheral Nervous System > Flashcards

Peripheral Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Composition of Peripheral Nervous System

A
  • 31 pairs of spinal nerves

- 12 pairs of cranial nerves

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2
Q

Ventral Rami

A

Large branches off of spinal nerves

-give rise to nerve plexuses

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3
Q

4 Major Plexus Systems

A
  1. Cervical plexus
  2. Brachial plexus *
  3. Lumbar plexus *
  4. Sacral plexus *
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4
Q

Brachial Plexus

A
  • C5, C6, C7, C8, T1
  • Starts with roots
  • the 5 roots come together to form 3 trunks (superior, middle, inferior)
  • the 3 trunks divide laterally to form 3 anterior and 3 posterior divisions
  • The divisions merge to form 3 cords (lateral, posterior, medial)
  • Supplies the musculature for the entire upper limb and cutaneous innervation
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5
Q

Axillary nerve

*Brachial plexus

A

Innervates:

  • Deltoid
  • Teres Minor
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6
Q

Musculocutaneous

*Brachial plexus

A

-Derived from the lateral cord

Innervates:

  • Coracobrachialis
  • Biceps brachii
  • Brachialis
  • ANTERIOR ARM
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7
Q

Median Nerve

*Brachial Plexus

A

Innervates:
-Pronator Teres
-Flexor Carpi Radialis
-Palmaris Longus
-Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
-Flexor Digitorum Profundus (LATERAL HALF)
-Flexor Pollicis Longus
-Pronator Quadratus
-Distal ends of digits 1,2,3, and LATERAL (thumb side) half of digit 4
*ANTERIOR FOREARM
except FDP (medial half) and FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS

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8
Q

Ulnar Nerve

*Brachial plexus

A
  • Continuation of medial cord
  • Along the groove for the ulnar nerve

Innervates:

  • Flexor Digitorum Profundus (MEDIAL half)
  • Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
  • Majority of hand muscles
  • Distal end of digit 5, and medial (pinky side) half of digit 4
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9
Q

Radial Nerve

*Brachial plexus

A

-Continuation of posterior cord

Innervates:

  • Triceps Brachii
  • Brachioradialis
  • Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
  • Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
  • Extensor Digitorum
  • Extensor Digiti Minimi
  • Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
  • Anconeus
  • Supinator
  • Abductor Pollicis Longus
  • Extensor Pollicis Brevis
  • Extensor Pollicis Longus
  • Extensor Indicis
  • POSTERIOR ARM AND FOREARM
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10
Q

Lumbo-Sacral Plexus

A
  • L1-S4

- Divided into Lumbar Plexus and Sacral Plexus

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11
Q

Lumbar Plexus

A

-L1, L2, L3, upper division of L4

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12
Q

Femoral Nerve

*Lumbar Plexus

A

Innervates:

  • Iliopsoas
  • Sartorius
  • Pectineus
  • Rectus Femoris
  • Vastus Lateralis
  • Vastus Medialis
  • Vastus Intermedius

*ANTERIOR THIGH

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13
Q

Obturator Nerve

*Lumbar Plexus

A

-Transverses the obturator foramen

Innervates:

  • Gracilis
  • Adductor Longus
  • Adductor Brevis
  • Adductor part of Adductor Magnus

*MEDIAL THIGH MUSCLES EXCEPT EXTENSOR PART

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14
Q

Sacral Plexus

A
  • Musculature of the pelvis, gluteal region, posterior thigh, entire leg and foot
  • lower L4, L5, S1, S2, S3, S4
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15
Q

Superior Gluteal Nerve

*Sacral Plexus

A

Innervates:

  • Gluteus Medius
  • Gluteus Minimis
  • Tensor Fasciae Late
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16
Q

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

A

Innervates:

-Gluteus Maximus

17
Q

Sciatic Nerve

A
  • Courses through the greater sciatic notch
  • Branches off into Tibial Nerve and Common Fibular Nerve
  • Innervates:
  • Extensor part of Adductor Magnus
  • Semitendinosus
  • Semimembranosus
  • Long and Short Heads of Biceps Femoris
  • HAMSTRINGS
18
Q

Tibial Nerve

A

Innervates:

  • Gastrocnemius
  • Soleus
  • Tibialis Posterior
  • Flexor Hallucis Longus
  • Flexor Digitorum Longus
  • POSTERIOR LEG
19
Q

Medial and Lateral Plantar Nerves

A

Supply musculature on the plantar surface of the foot

20
Q

Common Fibular Nerve

A
  • Does nothing by itself

- Branches into Superficial and Deep Fibular Nerves

21
Q

Deep Fibular Nerve

A

Innervates:

  • Tibialis Anterior
  • Extensor Hallucis Longus
  • Extensor Digitorum Longus
  • Peroneus Tertius
  • ANTERIOR LEG
22
Q

Superficial Fibular Nerve

A

Innervates:

  • Fibularis longus
  • Fibularis brevis
  • LATERAL LEG
23
Q

CN I, Olfactory Nerve

A
  • Passes through the foramina of the cribiform plate

- Sense of smell

24
Q

CN II, Optic Nerve

A
  • Enters through the optic canals

- Sense of sight, visual stimuli

25
Q

CN III, Oculomotor Nerve

A
  • Exits through Superior Orbital Fissure

- Innervates intrinsic (dilation and contraction) and extrinsic muscles (movement) of the eye

26
Q

CN IV, Trochlear Nerve

A
  • Exits Superior Orbital Fissure

- motor nerves for extrinsic eye movement

27
Q

CN V, Trigeminal Nerve

A

Divides into 3 branches:

  1. Opthalmic nerve
  2. Maxillary nerve
  3. Mandibular nerve
    - Both motor and sensory nerves
28
Q

CN V1, Ophthalmic Nerve

A
  • Exits Superior Orbital Fissure

- Supplies lacrimal glands and gives cutaneous innervation to skin of the forehead, nose, and upper eyelids

29
Q

CN V2, Maxillary Nerve

A
  • Exits through the foramen rotundum
  • Supplies the superior dental plexus
  • Supplies the lateral scalp, cheek, lower eyelid, lateral nose, and upper lip
30
Q

CN V3, Mandibular Nerve

A
  • Exits through Foramen ovale

- Supplies sensation to the skin and mucosa of the cheek, and the anterior 2/3 of the tounge and MUSCLES OF MASTICATION

Anatomy Lecture (10 decks)

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