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YR6 Opthalmology > Periorbital and Orbital Cellulitis > Flashcards

Periorbital and Orbital Cellulitis Flashcards

1
Q

What is orbital cellulitis?

A

Infection of orbital contents such as fat + extra ocular muscles
Posterior to orbital septum, within the orbit but not involving the globe

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2
Q

What is orbital cellulitis usually caused by?

A

Complication of URTI
Most commonly due to bacterial rhino sinusitis

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3
Q

What are the 3 most common causes of orbital cellulitis?

A

Streptococcus
Staphylococcus
Haemophilus influenzae B

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4
Q

Describe epidemiology of orbital cellulitis

A

Children > Adults
Mean age hospitalisation 7-12y

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5
Q

List 4 risk factors for orbital cellulitis

A

Child
Previous sinus infection
Lack of Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccination
Ear or facial infection

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6
Q

What are the cardinal signs of orbital cellulitis?

A

Proptosis
Opthalmoplegia (paralysis)

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7
Q

List 5 S/S of orbital cellulitis

A

Fever + malaise
Diplopia
Afferent pupil defect
Dyschromatopsia
Ocular pain
Eyelid swelling + erythema

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8
Q

Describe 6 findings of ophthalmic assessment in orbital cellulitis

A

Decreased vision
Afferent pupillary defect
Proptosis
Dysmotility
Oedema
Erythema.

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9
Q

Describe investigations for orbital cellulitis

A

Clinical dx
FBC: raised WCC + CRP
Blood culture + micro swab to determine organism
CT with contrast: confirms dx

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10
Q

Describe management of orbital cellulitis

A

Immediate admission + urgent senior review
IV Abx: Vancomycin + Ceftriaxone

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11
Q

Name 3 complications of orbital cellulitis

A

Orbital abscess
Blindness due to involvement of optic nerve
Brain abscess

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12
Q

What is periorbital cellulitis?

A

aka. preseptal cellulitis
Infection of the eyelid + periorbital soft tissues w/o involvement of orbital contents
Anterior to orbital septum

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13
Q

What causes periorbital cellulitis?

A

Complication of URTI
Superficial tissue injury e.g. Chalazion, insect bite

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14
Q

Describe epidemiology of periorbital cellulitis

A

Children > Adults
Much more common than orbital cellulitis

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15
Q

Describe presentation of peri-orbital cellulitis

A

Ocular pain
Eyelid swelling + erythema
Fever (less common)

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16
Q

Describe investigations for periorbital cellulitis

A

Primarily clinical dx
Only perform bloods + CT if ambiguous case

17
Q

Describe management of periorbital cellulitis

A

Mild non systemic disease w/o fever:
Oral abx + close outpatient f/u
Clindamycin + Co-amoxiclav

18
Q

What distinguishes orbital from periorbital cellulitis?

A

Reduced visual acuity, diplopia, ophthalmoplegia, + proptosis ONLY occur in orbital cellulitis.

19
Q

Name a complication of periorbital cellulitis

A

Orbital cellulitis

YR6 Opthalmology (4 decks)

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