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A Nursing Boards > Periopertive Nursing > Flashcards

Periopertive Nursing Flashcards

0
Q

Manifestations of hypokalemia in ECG

A

Prominent U wave
Flattened T wave
ST segment depression
Prolonged PR interval

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1
Q

Normal potassium level

A

3.5-5 meq/L

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2
Q

Electrolytes to counteract hyperkalemia

A

Calcium gluconate to antagonize cardiac effect

Sodium bicarbonate to reverse acidosis

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3
Q

Used as a K exchange resin

A

Kayexalate

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4
Q

Normal sodium level

A

135-145 meq/L

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5
Q

Management for hyponatremia

A

LR or 0.9 NaCl

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6
Q

Treatment for hypernatremia

A

D5W

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7
Q

Causes of hypovolemic hyponatremia

A

Diarrhea, vomiting, sweating

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8
Q

Causes of euvolemic hyponatremia

A

Excessive water intake, and SIADH (Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone)

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9
Q

Causes of hypervolemic hyponatremia

A

Acute renal failure

Congestive heart failure

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10
Q

Normal calcium levels

A

4.5-5.5 meq/L

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11
Q

Symptoms of hypocalcemia

A 
Trousseau
Chvostek
Hyperactive DTRs
Laryngeal spasm
Dysrrhythmias
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12
Q

Normal magnesium levels

A

1.5- 3 meg/L

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13
Q

Arterial disorder with thrombotic and ifnalmmatory occlsions of small arteries and veins among smokers

A

Buerger’s disease

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14
Q

Arterial disorder with episodic spasm of small arteries and arterioles due to exposure to cold and emotional distress common in women

A

Raynaud’s disease

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15
Q

Management for hyperkalemia

A 
d50
Insulin
Sodium bicarbonate
Ca replacement
Alkaline environment
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16
Q

Most common causes of CRF are

A

Diabetic nephropathy
Hypertensive nephropathy
Glumerulonephritis
Chronic pyelonephritis

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17
Q

Effect of chronic renal failure to Na, K, Ca, Phosphate

A

Hyponatremia then hypernatremia
Hyperkalemia
Hypocalcemia
Hyperphosphatemia

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18
Q

Stages of chronic renal failure

A

1: less than 90
2: 60-89
3: 30-59
4: 15-29
5: <15

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19
Q

Warning sign of pancreatitis

A

Rigid or board-like abdomen

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20
Q

Major cause of pancreatitis

A

Alcohol consumption

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21
Q

Signs of pancreatitis

A

Turner’s sign (bluish discoloration of the left flank)
Cullen’s sign (bluish discoloration of the periumbilical area)
Increased serum anylase and lipase level

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22
Q

Common h2 blockers

A

Ranitidine and cimetidine

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23
Q

Current drug of choice for pancreatitis

A

Morphine

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24
Q

Desired glucosylated hemoglobin kevel

A

2.5-6%

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25
Q

Diagnostic tests for diabetes

A

RBS >200 mg/dl

FBS >126 mg/dl

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26
Q

3 components if graves disease

A

Hyperthyroidism
Exopthalmos
Dermopatht (skin lesions)

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27
Q

Medications for hyperthyroidism

A

Proprulthiouracil
Methinazole
Lugols solution (SSKI)
Beta blockers

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28
Q

Earliest sign of thyroid storm

A

Hyperthermia

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29
Q

Signs of increasing ICP

A

Bradycardia
LOC changes
Altered respirations (cheyne stokes)
Projectile vomiting

30
Q

Cushing’s triad

A

Hypertension
Bradypnea
Bradycardia

31
Q

Etiologic agent of shistosomiasis

A

Schistosoma japonicum, mansoni, and haematobium

32
Q

Intermediary host in schistosomiasis

A

Oncomelania quadrasi

33
Q

Drug of choice for schistosomiasis

A

Praziquantel

34
Q

Clinical manifestation of measles

A

Upper respiratory condition, escalating fever, conjucntivitis, and coryza, koplik’s spots.

35
Q

Etiologic agent of malaria

A

Plasmodium falciparum, vivax, ovale, malariae

36
Q

Transmits malaria

A

Female anopheles mosquito

37
Q

Etiologic agent of filariasis

A

Wuchereria bancrofti, brugia malayi, brugia timori

38
Q

Drug of chocie for filariasis

A

Diethylcarbamazine citrate

39
Q

Peak months if dengue

A

July to november

40
Q

Drug of management to chicken pox

A

Acyclovir 800 mg 3x/day

41
Q

Etiologic agent for diptheria

A

Klebs-Loeffler bacillus

42
Q

Clinical manifestation of diptheria

A

Low grade fever and pseudomembrane

43
Q

Screening and confirmatory test for AIDS

A

ELISA test
Western Blot
Decreased CD4

44
Q

Number one opportunistic infection in AIDS

A

Pneumocystis cariniu pneumonia

45
Q

Pharmacologic management of AIDS

A 
Zidovudine (Retrovir)
Nevirapine (Viramune)
Idinavir sulfate (Crizivan)
46
Q

Symptoms of staphyloccocus

A

Diarrhea 2-6 hours after ingestion if spoiled carbohydrate rich food

47
Q

Symptoms of salmonella poisoning

A

Abdominal pain after ingestion of spoiled protein rich food

48
Q

Symptoms of botulism poisoning

A

Constipation 24 hours after ingestion if canned goods that are expired

49
Q

Mgt for DKA

A

Rehydration
Reverse acidosis
Restore electrolytes

50
Q

Late sign of malignant hyperthermia

A

Hyperthermia

51
Q

Signs of malignant hyperthermia

A

Tachycardia (>150 bpm), hypotension, ventricular dysrhythmias, decreased cardiac output–> cardiac arrest

52
Q

Treatment for malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

53
Q

Virchow;s triad for deep vein thrombosis

A

Reduced blood flow
Dilated veins
Reduced skeletal muscle contraction

54
Q

Antidote to morphine sulfate

55
Q

Digoxin toxicity

A 
Vomiting
Anorexia
Nausea
Diarrhea
Abdominal pain
56
Q

Earliest symptom of digoxin toxicity

A

GI symptoms

57
Q

Late sign of digoxin toxicity

A

Halo vision

58
Q

Common side effect of beta blockers

59
Q

Antidote to digoxin

60
Q

DOC for MG

A

Pyridostigmine

61
Q

DOC for PD

A

Levodopa + carbidpoa

62
Q

SCI at C3-C5 leads to

A

Respiratory paralysis

63
Q

SCI at C6-T1

A

Quadriplegia

64
Q

SCI at T6 and below

A

Autonomic dysreflexia

65
Q

Dysfunction in the labyrinth that produces vertigo, hearing loss and tinnitus

A

meniere’s disease

66
Q

DOC for diabetes insipidus

A

Desmopressin

67
Q

Precipitates myxedeme coma

A

Cold exposure, trauma, infection and depressants

68
Q

DOC for adrenal insufficiency

69
Q

Initial manifestation of adrenal crisis

A

Abdominal pain

70
Q

DOC for adrenal crisis

A

Dexamethasone

71
Q

Electorlye imbalance in cushings

A

Hypernat

Hyperkal

72
Q

Cardinal signs of DKA

A

hypergly
Degydration
Acidosis
Electrolyte loss

A Nursing Boards (5 decks)

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