Perioperative complications

Question 1

What could be the causes of tachcardia perioperatively?

Answer 1

Hypovolaemia - bleeding or vasodilation, anaesthesia/ analgesia too light, hypercapnia, drugs, hyperthyroidism, Phaeochromocytoma (secretes catecholamines)

Question 2

A perioperative patient presents with hypertension and tachycardia. What are the most likely causes?
Why can you probably rule one out?

Answer 2

Hypovolaemia, too light, hypercapnia.

Hypovolaemia is more likely accompanied with hypotension.

Question 3

What perioperative complications are associated with hypothermia?

Answer 3

Bradycardia, hypotension, hypocoagulation, increased PCV

Question 4

What is the blood volume of the dog?

Answer 4

80-90mL/kg

Question 5

What negative effects can dorsal recumbency have on the horse?

Answer 5

Viscera press down on the diaphragm - decreased venous return (squashes caudal venous return), compression atelectasis (squashed lungs

Question 6

What anaesthesia side effects are horses prone to?

Answer 6

Hypotension - horses are particularly prone to CV/ resp despression effects. - decreased MAP
Hypoventilation - drugs and recumbency effects

Question 7

What consequences are associated with intra-op hypotension for horses?

Answer 7

Renal failure, CNS damage, myopathy, slow recovery

Question 8

Describe some causes of hypoxaemia intra-op ..

Answer 8

Inadequate O2 supply, airway obstruction, profound hypoventilation, circulatory failure, poor gas exchange, increased O2 requirement

Question 9

Outline the side effects of mechanical and chemical ventilation..

Answer 9

Mechanical - injury,