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D2 - FALL - PAR 1 > Periodontology > Flashcards

Periodontology Flashcards

1
Q

what does sulcus bleeding index measure?

A

records the long term effectiveness of a pt’s OH

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2
Q

why is bleeding on probing the most effective method?

A
  • the technique is the same as when probing pocket depths (so not only superficial bleeding)
  • adapts side of probe tip to tooth surface
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3
Q

Know the 2 surfaces the probe touches the tooth…

A
  1. side of the tip in contact w/ the tooth

2. probe parallel to the tooth long axis

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4
Q

The removal of plaque & calculus during periodontal Tx results in the healing of the sulcular epith & elim of BOP w/i _____ days when plaque control is sufficient.

A

7-10

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5
Q

Inadequate OH & new plaque accumulation will result in sulcular epithelial ulceration and bleeding w/i _____ days, indicating current inflamm activity.

A

a couple of

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6
Q

Bleeding on probing has a low positive predictive value for future periodontal destruction, BUT absence of bleeding on probing has a high negative predictive value indicating _____.

A

periodontal stability

*all periodontal pts will exhibit bleeding, but all pts exhibiting bleeding don’t necessarily have periodontal disease

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7
Q

indices to detect inflamm at the base vs the coronal part of the sulcus?

A

gingival sweep index

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8
Q

which index gives usually higher scores, the “gingival sweep” or the “BOP” score?

A

BOP

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9
Q

what info we get from the gingival bleeding indices?

A

shows long-term effectiveness of pt’s OH; absence in consecutive visits shows stability

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10
Q

O’Leary Plaque Score?

A
  • use disclosing tablet

- records the effectiveness of the pt’s OH just BEFORE that visit

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11
Q

what info we get from the plaque indices (plaque vs bleeding indices)?

A

shows most recent hygiene; snapshot of OH

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12
Q

which index is more meaningful? BOP or O’Leary?

A

Define “meaningful”

  • long term effect = BOP

- snapshot of OH = O’Leary

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13
Q

do we record the plaque or the bleeding scores first?

A

probably plaque first in order; not to remove the plaque during the bleeding score.

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14
Q

mucogingival exam?

A

examine the relationship betw keratinized & nonkeratinized mucosal tissues

  • gingiva = free + attached (all keratinized)
  • alveolar mucosa is nonkeratinized
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15
Q

Gingiva is more pink, and the alveolar mucosa more red. Why?

A

alveolar mucosa is not as keratinized; fewer layers; more vasculature

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16
Q

factors that predispose for recessions?

A
  1. trauma to gingival tissues
  2. thin tissue complex
  3. thin cortical bone
  4. presence of narrow zone of attached gingiva
  5. labioverted/prominent roots
  6. previous orthodontic tx
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17
Q

probing depth technique: record measurements at ___ sites/tooth

A

6

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18
Q

tip of the probe is in contact w/ the _____ & the side of the probe touches the _____

A

root at the middle of the interprox surface; contact pt betw the teeth

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19
Q

is probing depth enough to make a periodontal diagnosis?

A

no, you need CAL

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20
Q

at the interproximals, angle or not angle the probe, touch or don’t touch the contact point?

A

at the interproximals, slightly angle the probe tip while retaining contact w/ the contact pt

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21
Q

which factors affect the PD assessment?

A

factors affecting PD assessment: probe size, angle, inflammation, calculus, tooth anatomy

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22
Q

what do you need to determine the periodontal Dx?

A

PD w/ CAL & BOP

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23
Q

what is the CAL?

A

distance from the CEJ to the base of the probeable sulcus or pocket (junctional epith)
- represents the CT fiber attachment level

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24
Q

how do you detect the CEJ?

A
  1. angle probe 45 deg & use tactile sense to detect CEJ
  2. slide probe from crown to root (usu feel a drop at CEJ–bc enamel is bulkier & usu overlaps cementum)
  3. indirect: ht of anatomical vs clinical crown; digital radiograph; relative attachment level
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25
Q

**DIFFERENCES in Probing Depth vs CEJ Technique

A
  • angle: parallel to tooth axis for PD, 45 deg for CEJ
  • contact pts: 2 for PD, 1 for CEJ
  • movement: circumferential step-like movt for PD, sliding movt coronal-apical for CEJ
  • tactile sense: gentle resistance (rubber feeling) at base of sulcus for PD, drop or bump for the CEJ
26
Q

___ offers the most valid estimate of past disease & of the treatment outcome.

A

CAL

27
Q

mesial furcation on a MX molar is best detected from the ?

A

palate

28
Q

distal furcation entrace is usu best detected from the ______ aspect

A

facial

29
Q

class 1: horizontal loss of attachment ____?

A

< 3mm w/i furcation area

30
Q

class 2: horizontal loss of attachment ___?

A

> 3 mm but not encompassing the total width of the furcation area

31
Q

class 3: horizontal loss of attachment ___?

A

through and through destruction of the periodontal tissues of the furcation area

32
Q

highest frequency of furcation?

A

distal furcation of MX 1st molar

33
Q

3 zones of oral mucosa?

A
  1. masticatory - ex. palatal tissue
  2. specialized
  3. lining (i.e. alveolar–nonkeratinized)
34
Q

main structural element of rugae = ?

A

GAG

35
Q

boundaries of the sulcus?

A
  1. enamel
  2. sulcular epithelium
  3. junctional epithelium
36
Q

gingivo-dental group?

A

originate from cementum to the rest to gingiva, to outer surf & periosteum.

37
Q

dento-alveolar group?

A

from crest of bone to gingiva

38
Q

circular group?

A

fibers that are not attached to the tooth

39
Q

transeptal group?

A

located inter-proximally & connects the cementum of 2 adjacent teeth

40
Q

dento-periostal?

A

cementum to periosteum

41
Q

width of attached gingiva increases w/ age. t/f?

A

TRUE

42
Q

what has the least buccal width of attached gingiva?

A

cuspid and bicuspids

43
Q

width of attached gingiva is ____ anterior to posterior teeth

A

increased

44
Q

Patient has 6 mm keratinized mucosa and 2 mm free, how much attached gingiva?

A

4mm

45
Q

blood supply to gingiva?

A
  1. from PDL
  2. from alveolar process
  3. supra-periosteal blood supply (MAIN)
46
Q

lamina densa?

A

1 layer of junctional epith; adjacent to enamel

47
Q

lamina lucida?

A

1 layer of junctional epith; adjacent to epithelial cells; provides attachment for hemidesmosomes

48
Q

col?

A

connects the F/L interdental papillae and conforms to the shape of the interprox contact areas; what connects the papillas!!!

49
Q

what are the sites of locus minoris resistentiae in peridontium?

A

sulcular epith & col

50
Q

biologic width?

A

soft tissue attachment to the tooth, coronal to the alveolar crest (2.04mm); junctional epith & CT attachment

51
Q

epithelial rest cells of malassez?

A

remnants of hertwig’s root sheath

52
Q

avg width of PDL?

A

0.2 mm

53
Q

transeptal group of PDL?

A

extends interproximally, over alveolar crest, & imbedded in cementum of 2 adjacent teeth just below CEJ; NOT attached to bone

54
Q

alveolar crest fibers of PDL?

A

apical to CEJ; extends obliquely from cementum of alveolar crest & from cementum over alveolar crest & into periosteum; resist extrusion of tooth

55
Q

horizontal fibers of PDL?

A

extend at right angle to long axis of tooth; from cementum to alveolar bone; resist lateral movts

56
Q

oblique fibers of the PDL?

A

majority of PDL fibers; prevent intrusion into the socket

57
Q

apical fibers of PDL?

A

radiate from apex to the bone

58
Q

interradicular fibers of PDL?

A

found in furcation of the multi-rooted teeth

59
Q

sharpey’s fibers?

A

terminal ends of principal fibers that are inserted into the cementum or to the bone (ends are partly calcified)

60
Q

what enables the eruption process if the tooth is attached to the bone by the PDL?

A

intermediate plexus (splicing/unsplicing of collagen fibers that permits tooth eruption & migration)

61
Q

hammock ligament concept?

A

eruption begins only after crown formation is complete

D2 - FALL - PAR 1 (5 decks)

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