periodontal ligament Flashcards
what are periodontal tissues?
gingiva
cementum
alveolar bone
periodontal ligament
what is the periodontal ligament?
a connective tissue 0.2 mm thick
what does the periodontal ligament contain?
- cells
- ECM
- fibres
- nerves
- blood vessels
what makes up the ECM of the periodontal ligament and how does it behave?
proteins
- hylaronate glycosminoglycans
- proteoglycans
- glycoproteins
the ECM behaves as a viscous elastic gel
what are the cells in the PL?
- fibroblasts
- cementoblasts
- osteoclasts
- cementoclasts
- epithelial cells
-defence cells
what are the nerves of the PL?
sensory nerves
- mecanoreceptors (measure force)
- nocireceptors (danger receptors)
autonomic nerves
- blood vessel control
- vasoconstriction
what are the PL fibres?
true periodontal ligament
- fibres connecting tooth to bone or apical to alveolar crest
gingivital ligament
- fibres above alveolar crest
what are the functions of the PL?
- attach tooth to jaw
- transfer biting force to to alveolar bone
what are the PL fibre groups?
- alveo-dental ligament
- inter-dental ligament
describe alveo-dental ligament fibres
lateral movement and rotation
- alveolar crest
- horizontal
stretch and transfer
- oblique
compression
- apical
multi-rooted tooth
- inter-radicular
describe the inter-dental ligament fibres
trans-septal fibres between teeth
what is the periodontal ligament loading?
- force transfer
- application of brief forces
- measure tooth movements
