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Introduction to Dentistry > Periodontal disease > Flashcards

Periodontal disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is periodontitis/gingivitis?

A

Inflammation of the periodontium/gingiva

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2
Q

What is the cause of gingivitis?

A

Plaque build up

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3
Q

What are the periodontal structures?

A

Gingiva
Periodontal ligament
Cementum
Alveolar bone

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4
Q

What is the difference between gingivitis and periodontitis?

A

Gingivitis affects only the gingiva - it is reversible

Periodontitis affects all periodontium - it is irreversible

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5
Q

During gingivitis will gingiva bleed on probing? - if so from where?

A

Yes - from the gingival crevice

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6
Q

What will gingiva look like if suffering from gingivitis?

A

Red, swollen, shiny, soft

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7
Q

Is there any bone destruction in gingivitis?

A

No

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8
Q

What are the clinical features of periodontitis?

A 
Pocket formation
Loss of attachment
Bleeding on probing
Alveolar bone destruction
Gingival recession
Tooth mobility
Tooth migration
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9
Q

What is supragingival plaque?

A

Plaque on the crowns of teeth

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10
Q

What is sub gingival plaque?

A

Plaque within the gingival sulcus or periodontal pocket

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11
Q

What are the 3 steps of biofilm formation?

A

Attachement, colonisation, growth

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12
Q

What is the host response to plaque secretions?

A

Immune response
Inflammatory mediators released
Inflammatory mediators initiate tissue destruction to allow for more room for immune cells

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13
Q

What are the risk factors of periodontitis?

A 
Plaque retention factors (overhanging restoration margins)
Smoking
Medications
Individual genes
Stress
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14
Q

What is the treatment for periodontitis?

A

Plaque removal
Removal of plaque retention factors
Scaling
Periodontal surgery (if pockets are deep)

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15
Q

What are the mechanical plaque control methods?

A

Toothbrushing
Inter-proximal cleaning aids
Professional cleaning

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16
Q

What are the chemical plaque control methods?

A

Mouthwash

17
Q

Describe the Bass technique

A

Bristles at 45 degree angle to tooth axis
Pressed against gingival margin
Short back and forth strokes
Bristles must subgingivally

18
Q

What is scaling and root surface debridement?

A

Mechanical removal of plaque and calculus from the tooth and root surface

19
Q

What is the advantage of open flap surgery?

A

Allows access for deep instrumentation

Clean what you see

20
Q

What is soft tissue surgery?

A

Replacing areas of lost bone or recession

21
Q

What is the purpose of bony regeneration?

A

Artificial bone into pockets where alveolar bone has been destroyed

Introduction to Dentistry (4 decks)

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