Periodontal Considerations Flashcards
what is the function of the periodontium
attach teeth to jaws
dissipate occlusal forces
name a constant horizontal force
orthodontic
name an intermittent horizontal force
occlusal
what is excessive occlusal force
force that exceeds the reparative capacity of periodontal attachment apparatus which results in occlusal trauma/tooth wear
what is occlusal trauma
injury resulting in tissue changes within attachment apparatus including PDL, alveolar bone and cementum as a result of occlusal forces
what is tooth mobility dependent on
width of PDL
heigh of PDL
inflammation
number, shape and length of roots
what does tooth mobility indicate
successful adaptation of periodontium to functional demands or reflect nature of remaining attachment
when can tooth mobility not be accepted
when it is progressively increasing
gives rise to symptoms
creates difficulty with restorative treatment
what therapy is given to reduce tooth mobility
control of plaque induced inflammation
correction of occlusal relations
splinting
what is primary occlusal trauma
injury resulting in tissue changes from excessive occlusal forces applied to a tooth or teeth with normal periodontal support
what is the response of the healthy periodontium to occlusal trauma
PDL width increases
tooth mobility increases
when is the periodontal response considered pathological
when PDL width and tooth mobility fail to reach a stable phase
what are the histological changes in the periodontium as a response to forces
pressure side - increased vascularisation and permeability , necrosis of PDL
tension side - apposition of bone and cementum, elongation of PDL
what is secondary occlusal trauma
injury resulting in tissue changes from normal or excessive occlusal forces applied to a tooth or teeth with reduced periodontal support
in presence of attachment loss, bone loss
what is fremitus
palpable or visible movement of a tooth when subjected to occlusal forces
what habit can be damaging to tooth and attachment apparatus
bruxism
what is included in the clinical diagnosis for bruxism
progressive tooth mobility
fremitus
occlusal discrepancies
wear facets
tooth migration
tooth fracture
thermal sensitivity
root resorption
cemental tear
widening of PDL space upon radiographic examination
does occlusal trauma cause irreversible bone loss or loss of connective tissue attachment
no
it needs plaque induced inflammation
why does tooth migration occur
loss of periodontal attachment
unfavourable occlusal forces
unfavourable soft tissue profile
how do you manage tooth migration
treat periodontitis
correct occlusal relations
accept position of teeth or move orthodontically
what do teeth with occlusal discrepancies have
deeper initial probing depths
more mobility
poorer prognoses than teeth without occlusal discrepancies
how do you correct occlusal relations
occlusal adjustment
restorations
orthodontics
when is splinting appropriate
mobility due to advanced loss of attachment
mobility causing discomfort or difficulty in chewing
teeth need to be stabilised for debridement
