Periodictiy Of Properties

Question 1

Atomic radius

Answer 1

Decreases from left to right due to increasing number of electrons and protons and increase from top to bottom due to extra energy level in each atom down the group

Question 2

Ionization ( left to right across a period)

Answer 2

From left to right across a period the net attraction force of the nucleus to each electron increases, as the number of protons in the nucleus increases. A strong force of attraction means a smaller distance between the nucleus and valence electrons and a smaller atomic radius. A strong force of attraction means that more energy is required to overcome forces to remove electrons.

Question 3

Ionization ( top to bottom down a group)

Answer 3

From top to bottom down a group the number of energy levels increases ( increasing atomic radius) . Valence electrons are increasingly shielded from the positive nucleus by core electrons. This results in a weaker force of attraction on each electron. A weak force of attraction means that less energy is required to overcome forces to remove electrons