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Chemistry IGCSE > Periodicity/ Test for Cations and Anions > Flashcards

Periodicity/ Test for Cations and Anions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of the first group?

A

Alkali Metals

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2
Q

What are the four characteristics of group 1?

A

more reactive as they go down
Softer as they go down
density increases as they go down
melting point increases as they go down

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3
Q

What is the equation for any metal with water?

A

2X +2H2O= 2XOH + H2

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4
Q

What is the name of group 2?

A

Alkali Earth Metals

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5
Q

Name 6 properties of transition metals

A 
they have high melting points
hard tough and strong
react slowly w oxygen and water 
iron is used for building/ copper is used for electrical cables
transition metals form colored compounds
some are catalysts
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6
Q

Give 4 properties of metals?

A

Malleable
ductile
Conductors of heat
Conductors of electricity

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7
Q

Give 2 things that metals form

A

Positive ions

Basic oxides

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8
Q

Give 4 properties of non- metals

A

brittle
non- ductile
insulators of heat
insulators of electricity

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9
Q

Give 2 things that non- metals form.

A

Negative ions

Acidic oxides

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10
Q

Name all the elements of group 7 and their state

A 
F   GAS 
Cl   GAS 
BR   LIQUID
I       SOLID 
At      SOLID
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11
Q

Show the trends of Halogens

A

Get darker in color as they go down
Become less reactive as they go down
Melting/Boiling point increases as they go down

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12
Q

Show the trends of noble gases

A

Boiling point increases as they go down
The atoms increase in size and mass as they go down
density of mass increases as they go down

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13
Q

What are the uses of helium and why?

A

Fill balloons and airships

Because it is lighter than air and does not burn

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14
Q

What are the uses of neon and why?

A

advertising signs

Glow when a current is passed through them

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15
Q

What are the uses of argon and why?

A

Filler in tungsten bulbs
Protect melted that are being welded
unreactive

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16
Q

What are the uses of Krypton and why?

A

Used in lasers and car head lamps

Unreactive/inert

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17
Q

What are the uses of xenon and why?

A

Used in light house lamps, lights in hospital operating room
Glow when a current is passed through them

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18
Q

What is the bonding between Non- metal and non- metal?

A

covalent

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19
Q

Metal and metal?

A

Metallic

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20
Q

Non metal and metal?

A

Ionic

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21
Q

What are the two physical properties of flerovium?

A

High melting point

Malleable

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22
Q

Write a chemical equation for the reaction of calcium with cold water.

A

Ca+2H20 = Ca(OH)2 + H2

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23
Q

Give 2 observations when potassium is added to cold water

A

Moves around

Flame

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24
Q

Describe a test for hrydrogen

A

Test: Lit splint placed on mouth of apparatus
Result: You hear a pop

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25
One physical property that is similar for both cobalt and potassium
They are both conductors of electricity
26
State one physical property that is different for cobalt and potassium
They have different melting points
27
State the formula for lithium ion
Li+
28
State the formula for nitride ion
N-3
29
Predict three physical properties of vanadium which are typical of transition elements
High melting points Strong Hard
30
What is the color of flame for Lithium?
Red
31
What is the color of flame for Sodium?
Yellow
32
What is the color of flame for Potassium?
Lilac
33
What is the color of flame for Copper?
Blue - Green
34
What is the anion test for chloride?
Add nitric acid then silver nitrate solution
35
What is the result of the anion test for chloride?
White Precipitate forms
36
What is the anion test for Bromide?
Add nitric acid then silver nitrate solution
37
What is the result of the anion test for bromide?
Cream precipitate forms
38
What is the anion test for iodide?
Add nitric acid then silver nitrate solution
39
What is the result of the anion test for iodide?
Yellow precipitate forms
40
What is the anion test for Nitrate?
Add Aluminium foil and sodium hydroxide solution and heat
41
What is the result of the anion test for nitrate?
Ammonia gas is given out | turns red litmus blue
42
What is the anion test for Sulfate?
Add hydrochloric acid then barium nitrate solution
43
What is the result of the anion test for sulfate?
White precipitate forms
44
What is the anion test for Sulfite?
Add hydrochloric acid and warm gently
45
What is the result of the anion test for sulfite?
Sulfur Dioxide produced | Turns acidified potassium permanganate form purple to colourless
46
What is the anion test for carbonate?
Add hydrochloric acid
47
What is the result of the anion test for carbonate?
Bubbles seen | Gas turns lime water milky
48
What is the test for oxygen? | What is the result?
Put a glowing splint to the test tube | Splint relight
49
What is the test for Hydrogen? | What is the result?
Put a lighted splint to the test tube | Goes pop
50
What is the test carbon dioxide? | What is the result?
Bubble through lime water | turns milky
51
What is the test for Ammonia? | What is the result?
Hold damp red litmus at mouth of the test tube | Turns litmus paper blue
52
What is the test for Chlorine? | What is the result?
Hold damp blue litmus at mouth of the test tube | Turns damp litmus red then white
53
What is the test for sulfur dioxide? | What is the result?
Add acidified potassium permanganate | Turns from purple to colorless
54
What is effect if ammonium is added to aqueous sodium hydroxide?
When heated ammonia gas given off- turns litmus blue
55
What is the effect if copper is added to aqueous sodium hydroxide?
Pale blue precipitate forms | Precipitate does not dissolve in excess
56
What is the effect if copper is added to aqueous ammonia?
Pale blue precipitate forms | adding excess precipitate dissolves giving a deep blue solution
57
What is the effect if Iron (II) is added to aqueous sodium hydroxide?
Pale green precipitate forms | Precipitate does not dissolve in excess
58
What is the effect if Iron (II) is added to aqueous ammonia?
Pale green precipitate forms | Precipitate does not dissolve in excess
59
What is the effect if Iron (III) is added to aqueous sodium hydroxide?
Red brown precipitate forms | Precipitate does not dissolve in excess
60
What is the effect if Iron (III) is added to aqueous ammonia?
Red brown precipitate forms | Precipitate does not dissolve in excess
61
What is the effect if Aluminium is added to aqueous sodium hydroxide?
White precipitate forms | precipitate does dissolve in excess
62
What is the effect of Aluminium in aqueous ammonia?
White precipitate forms | precipitate does dissolve in excess
63
What is the effect of Zinc in aqueous sodium hydroxide?
White precipitate forms | Precipitate does dissolve in excess
64
What is the effect of zinc in aqueous ammonia?
White precipitate forms | Precipitate does dissolve in excess
65
What is the effect of calcium in aqueous sodium hydroxide?
White precipitate forms | Precipitate does not dissolve in excess
66
What is the effect of calcium in aqueous ammonia?
No precipitate forms
67
What is the effect of chromium in aqueous sodium hydroxide?
Green precipitate forms | Precipitate does not dissolve in excess
68
What is the effect of chromium in aqueous ammonia?
Grey green precipitate | Insoluble in excess
69
Which is the only alkali gas?
Ammonia
70
What are ions?
Ions are atoms or molecules that cave a positive or negative charge
71
What is the charge of a proton?
1+
72
What is the charge of a neutron?
0
73
What is the charge of an electron?
-1
74
Why do isotopes have the same chemical properties?
Because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell.

Chemistry IGCSE (6 decks)

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