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Chemistry IGCSE > Periodicity/ Test for Cations and Anions > Flashcards

Periodicity/ Test for Cations and Anions Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the name of the first group?

A

Alkali Metals

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2
Q

What are the four characteristics of group 1?

A

more reactive as they go down
Softer as they go down
density increases as they go down
melting point increases as they go down

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3
Q

What is the equation for any metal with water?

A

2X +2H2O= 2XOH + H2

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4
Q

What is the name of group 2?

A

Alkali Earth Metals

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5
Q

Name 6 properties of transition metals

A 
they have high melting points
hard tough and strong
react slowly w oxygen and water 
iron is used for building/ copper is used for electrical cables
transition metals form colored compounds
some are catalysts
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6
Q

Give 4 properties of metals?

A

Malleable
ductile
Conductors of heat
Conductors of electricity

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7
Q

Give 2 things that metals form

A

Positive ions

Basic oxides

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8
Q

Give 4 properties of non- metals

A

brittle
non- ductile
insulators of heat
insulators of electricity

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9
Q

Give 2 things that non- metals form.

A

Negative ions

Acidic oxides

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10
Q

Name all the elements of group 7 and their state

A 
F   GAS 
Cl   GAS 
BR   LIQUID
I       SOLID 
At      SOLID
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11
Q

Show the trends of Halogens

A

Get darker in color as they go down
Become less reactive as they go down
Melting/Boiling point increases as they go down

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12
Q

Show the trends of noble gases

A

Boiling point increases as they go down
The atoms increase in size and mass as they go down
density of mass increases as they go down

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13
Q

What are the uses of helium and why?

A

Fill balloons and airships

Because it is lighter than air and does not burn

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14
Q

What are the uses of neon and why?

A

advertising signs

Glow when a current is passed through them

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15
Q

What are the uses of argon and why?

A

Filler in tungsten bulbs
Protect melted that are being welded
unreactive

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16
Q

What are the uses of Krypton and why?

A

Used in lasers and car head lamps

Unreactive/inert

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17
Q

What are the uses of xenon and why?

A

Used in light house lamps, lights in hospital operating room
Glow when a current is passed through them

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18
Q

What is the bonding between Non- metal and non- metal?

A

covalent

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19
Q

Metal and metal?

A

Metallic

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20
Q

Non metal and metal?

A

Ionic

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21
Q

What are the two physical properties of flerovium?

A

High melting point

Malleable

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22
Q

Write a chemical equation for the reaction of calcium with cold water.

A

Ca+2H20 = Ca(OH)2 + H2

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23
Q

Give 2 observations when potassium is added to cold water

A

Moves around

Flame

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24
Q

Describe a test for hrydrogen

A

Test: Lit splint placed on mouth of apparatus
Result: You hear a pop

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25
Q

One physical property that is similar for both cobalt and potassium

A

They are both conductors of electricity

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26
Q

State one physical property that is different for cobalt and potassium

A

They have different melting points

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27
Q

State the formula for lithium ion

A

Li+

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28
Q

State the formula for nitride ion

A

N-3

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29
Q

Predict three physical properties of vanadium which are typical of transition elements

A

High melting points
Strong
Hard

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30
Q

What is the color of flame for Lithium?

A

Red

31
Q

What is the color of flame for Sodium?

A

Yellow

32
Q

What is the color of flame for Potassium?

A

Lilac

33
Q

What is the color of flame for Copper?

A

Blue - Green

34
Q

What is the anion test for chloride?

A

Add nitric acid then silver nitrate solution

35
Q

What is the result of the anion test for chloride?

A

White Precipitate forms

36
Q

What is the anion test for Bromide?

A

Add nitric acid then silver nitrate solution

37
Q

What is the result of the anion test for bromide?

A

Cream precipitate forms

38
Q

What is the anion test for iodide?

A

Add nitric acid then silver nitrate solution

39
Q

What is the result of the anion test for iodide?

A

Yellow precipitate forms

40
Q

What is the anion test for Nitrate?

A

Add Aluminium foil and sodium hydroxide solution and heat

41
Q

What is the result of the anion test for nitrate?

A

Ammonia gas is given out

turns red litmus blue

42
Q

What is the anion test for Sulfate?

A

Add hydrochloric acid then barium nitrate solution

43
Q

What is the result of the anion test for sulfate?

A

White precipitate forms

44
Q

What is the anion test for Sulfite?

A

Add hydrochloric acid and warm gently

45
Q

What is the result of the anion test for sulfite?

A

Sulfur Dioxide produced

Turns acidified potassium permanganate form purple to colourless

46
Q

What is the anion test for carbonate?

A

Add hydrochloric acid

47
Q

What is the result of the anion test for carbonate?

A

Bubbles seen

Gas turns lime water milky

48
Q

What is the test for oxygen?

What is the result?

A

Put a glowing splint to the test tube

Splint relight

49
Q

What is the test for Hydrogen?

What is the result?

A

Put a lighted splint to the test tube

Goes pop

50
Q

What is the test carbon dioxide?

What is the result?

A

Bubble through lime water

turns milky

51
Q

What is the test for Ammonia?

What is the result?

A

Hold damp red litmus at mouth of the test tube

Turns litmus paper blue

52
Q

What is the test for Chlorine?

What is the result?

A

Hold damp blue litmus at mouth of the test tube

Turns damp litmus red then white

53
Q

What is the test for sulfur dioxide?

What is the result?

A

Add acidified potassium permanganate

Turns from purple to colorless

54
Q

What is effect if ammonium is added to aqueous sodium hydroxide?

A

When heated ammonia gas given off- turns litmus blue

55
Q

What is the effect if copper is added to aqueous sodium hydroxide?

A

Pale blue precipitate forms

Precipitate does not dissolve in excess

56
Q

What is the effect if copper is added to aqueous ammonia?

A

Pale blue precipitate forms

adding excess precipitate dissolves giving a deep blue solution

57
Q

What is the effect if Iron (II) is added to aqueous sodium hydroxide?

A

Pale green precipitate forms

Precipitate does not dissolve in excess

58
Q

What is the effect if Iron (II) is added to aqueous ammonia?

A

Pale green precipitate forms

Precipitate does not dissolve in excess

59
Q

What is the effect if Iron (III) is added to aqueous sodium hydroxide?

A

Red brown precipitate forms

Precipitate does not dissolve in excess

60
Q

What is the effect if Iron (III) is added to aqueous ammonia?

A

Red brown precipitate forms

Precipitate does not dissolve in excess

61
Q

What is the effect if Aluminium is added to aqueous sodium hydroxide?

A

White precipitate forms

precipitate does dissolve in excess

62
Q

What is the effect of Aluminium in aqueous ammonia?

A

White precipitate forms

precipitate does dissolve in excess

63
Q

What is the effect of Zinc in aqueous sodium hydroxide?

A

White precipitate forms

Precipitate does dissolve in excess

64
Q

What is the effect of zinc in aqueous ammonia?

A

White precipitate forms

Precipitate does dissolve in excess

65
Q

What is the effect of calcium in aqueous sodium hydroxide?

A

White precipitate forms

Precipitate does not dissolve in excess

66
Q

What is the effect of calcium in aqueous ammonia?

A

No precipitate forms

67
Q

What is the effect of chromium in aqueous sodium hydroxide?

A

Green precipitate forms

Precipitate does not dissolve in excess

68
Q

What is the effect of chromium in aqueous ammonia?

A

Grey green precipitate

Insoluble in excess

69
Q

Which is the only alkali gas?

A

Ammonia

70
Q

What are ions?

A

Ions are atoms or molecules that cave a positive or negative charge

71
Q

What is the charge of a proton?

A

1+

72
Q

What is the charge of a neutron?

A

0

73
Q

What is the charge of an electron?

A

-1

74
Q

Why do isotopes have the same chemical properties?

A

Because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell.

Chemistry IGCSE (6 decks)

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