Periodicity Flashcards
a) Explain why phosphorous is a p-block element
b) Give the full electron configuration for phosphorous
A) the highest energy electron in in the p sub shell/orbital
B) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6 , 3s2, 3p3.
What is periodicity in chemistry?
Periodicity refers to the recurring trends that are observed in the properties of elements as you move across or down the periodic table.
True or False: Atomic radius generally decreases across a period.
True
What trend in ionization energy is observed as you move across a period?
Ionization energy generally increases across a period.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its gaseous state.
ionization energy
What is the general trend of electronegativity as you move down a group?
Electronegativity generally decreases as you move down a group.
Which element has the highest electronegativity?
Fluorine
True or False: Metals tend to have higher electronegativity than non-metals.
False
What is the trend in melting and boiling points for Group 1 elements?
Melting and boiling points decrease down Group 1.
What is a key characteristic of noble gases in terms of reactivity?
Noble gases are largely unreactive due to their complete valence electron shells.
Which group in the periodic table contains the alkali metals?
Group 1
What happens to the atomic radius as you move down a group?
The atomic radius increases as you move down a group.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond.
electronegativity
Which group of elements is known for their high ionization energies and low reactivity?
Noble gases (Group 18)
True or False: Transition metals have varying oxidation states.
True
What is the trend of reactivity for alkali metals as you move down the group?
Reactivity increases down the group.
Which periodic trend is described as the distance between the nucleus and the outermost electron?
Atomic radius
What is the effect of increased nuclear charge on ionization energy across a period?
Increased nuclear charge leads to higher ionization energy across a period.
Fill in the blank: The __________ effect explains the decrease in ionization energy down a group due to inner electron shielding.
shielding
Which element has the largest atomic radius in Period 3?
Sodium
What is the general trend of metallic character as you move across a period?
Metallic character decreases across a period.
True or False: The first ionization energy is always lower than the second ionization energy for an element.
True
What is the significance of the ‘s’, ‘p’, ‘d’, and ‘f’ blocks in the periodic table?
They indicate the subshells that are being filled with electrons.
What happens to the reactivity of halogens as you move down the group?
Reactivity decreases down the group.
Which group contains the most reactive non-metals?
Group 17 (Halogens)
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons.
electronegativity
