Periodicity

Question 1

First ionisation energy

Answer 1

is the energy needed to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of atoms from their gaseous state

Question 2

Second ionisation

Answer 2

Is the energy required to remove one electron from each ion in one mole of gaseous 1+ ions of an element to from one mole of gaseous 2+ ions .

Question 3

Three factors affecting the ionisation energy

Answer 3

• Atomic radius
• Nuclear charge
• Electron shielding

Question 4

How does the atomic radius affect the ionisation

Answer 4

Atomic radius increases the attraction between the nucleus and outer electrons decreases

Question 5

How does the nuclear charge affect ionisation

Answer 5

As the number of protons increases the attraction between the nucleus and outer electrons also increases

Question 6

How does electron shielding affect ionisation

Answer 6

As the number of inner shells increase the attraction between the nucleus and the outer electrons decrease

Question 7

What happens if there’s pairs in a sub level?

Answer 7

The paired electrons repel/push other electrons away making it easier to remove, decreasing the ionisation energy.

Question 8

What happens to ionisation energy across a period?

Answer 8

The nuclear charge increases across the group, so there is a greater attraction between the nucleus and outer electrons so Ionisation energy would increase.

Question 9

What is outweighed with first ionisation energies down a group?

Answer 9

Although nuclear charge increases its effect is outweighed by the increased radius and to a lesser extent, the increased shielding.

Question 10

What happens to ionisation energy as you go up a group?

Answer 10

The ionisation energy increases - closer to nucleus, less shielding