Periodic Trends Flashcards

1
Q

Atomic Radius

A

the average distance from the center of an atom’s nucleus to the outermost shell of its electron
Increases-top to bottom
decreases-left to right

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2
Q

Ionization Energy

A

the amount of energy needed to remove the most loosely held electron from an isolated, gaseous atom
increases-left to right
decreases-as you move down a period

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3
Q

Electron Affinity

A

the amount of energy released when a neutral atom gains an electron to form a negative ion.

Ex: “the energy released when a chlorine atom gains an electron to form a chloride ion”

increases-left to right
decreases-down the periodic table.

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4
Q

Metallic Character

A

the tendency of an element to lose electrons easily, forming positive ions (cations),

decrease: left to right
increase: as you move down a periodic table.

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5
Q

Electronegativity

A

an atom’s tendency to attract shared electrons towards itself when forming a chemical bond

increase-Left to Right
decrease-top to bottom

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6
Q

Shielding

A

the core electrons repelling the outer electrons, which lowers the effective charge of the nucleus on the outer electrons.

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