Periodic Trends

Question 1

Would magnesium or phosphorus have a greater ionisation energy? Why?

Answer 1

In same period, but IE increases across period so phosphorus would have a greater IE. Also magneisum has 2 valaence e-, so it will lose e-, while P has 5 valance e-, so it tends to gain e-

Question 2

Would boron or indium have a greater ionisation energy? Why?

Answer 2

In same group, but IE decreased down group, so Boron would be expected to have a greater IE. Because Boron only has two energy lelvels, whereas indium has 5, the added distance weakens the ESA to the valence e-, so they are easier to remove form the atom

Question 3

WHat is electron shielding effet?

Answer 3

When the number of inner electrons is greater, they shelter the outermost electron from the nucleus, allowing it to neglect the nuclear pull to some extent.

Question 4

Would K or Br have greater atomic radius?

Answer 4

K because it is on the left of group 4 while Br is on the right. Atomic radius decreases across a period as more protons are added to the nulceus but the number of energy levels stays the same, so there is more ESA

Question 5

Would Na or N have a greater electronegativity?

Answer 5

N would have a greater ENT because it is in period 2 while Na is in period 3, meaing Na has more energy levels, decreases the ESA between the further out electrons and the nucleus. They have similar number of protons, so that wouldnt make a large difference.

Question 6

What does atomic radii do down a group and across a period?

Answer 6

Increases down a group (more e-, shells further from nucleaus)
Decreases across a period (more protons, increases in ESA)

Question 7

What does electronegativity do down a group and across a period?

Answer 7

Increases across a period (more protons means more ESA) and decreases down a group (OUTERMOST E- FURTHER FORM NUCLEUS- E- LESS STRONGLY ATTRACTED)

Question 8

What does ionisation energy do down a froup and across a period?

Answer 8

Increases across a period (more protons, increase in ESA, more energy to remove e-), decreases down a group (e- further from nucleus, less energy to remove e-)

Question 9

What does ionic radii do down a group adn across a period

Answer 9

POsitive ion- loses e-, loses space, smaller than neutral atom
Negative ion- gains e-, gains space, largeer than neutral atom