periodic trends

Question 1

core charge

Answer 1

number of protons-number of inner shell electrons

Question 2

core charge down a group

Answer 2

It says constant down a group but the valence electrons are held less strongly as there are further from the nucleus

Question 3

core charge across a period

Answer 3

Increases.The valence electrons are more attracted to

the nucleus as the core charge increases.

Question 4

electronegativity

Answer 4

The ability of an atom to attract electrons, the greater the core charge the greater electronegativity

Question 5

electronegativity down a group

Answer 5

Decreases. the core charge stays constant and the number of shells increases down a group. valence electrons are less attracted to the nucelsu

Question 6

electronegativity across a period

Answer 6

Increases, the number of occupied shells in the atoms remain constant but the core charge increases therefor the the valence electrons become strongly attached the the nucleus.

Question 7

Atomic radius

Answer 7

A size of an atom

Question 8

atomic radius shown a group

Answer 8

Increases. Core charge stays constant and the number of shells increase resulting the the radii to increase.

Question 9

Atomic radius across a period

Answer 9

Decreases. As you move across, the number of occupied shells remains constant but the core charge increases. So the valence electrons become more strongly attracted to the nucleus.

Question 10

Ionisation energy

Answer 10

Energy require to remove an electron from an atom. The further from the nucleus, it is easier to remove electrons

Question 11

Ionisation energy down a group

Answer 11

Decreases. Core charge stays constant and the number of

shells increases down a group. more energy to overcome the attraction force between valence electron and nucleus

Question 12

Ionisation across a period

Answer 12

Increases. Core charge increases and the number of
occupied shells remains constant across a period.
less energy to overcome the attraction force between valence electrons and nucleus

Question 13

Metallic character

Answer 13

Elements with one, two or three electrons in their valence shells are metals.
Elements with four or more electrons in their valence shells are non-metals.
Metalloids have both metallic and non-metallic characteristics. They generally have three or four or five electrons in their valence shells

Question 14

Metallic character down a group

Answer 14

Increases ad it had a greater number of shells to lose electrons

Question 15

Metallic character across a period

Answer 15

Decreases as the increasing core charge makes it difficult for metals to lose the electrons