chapter 1 (atomic theroy)

Question 1

Bohr’s energy level

Answer 1

Bohr observed unique colours produced when samples of elements were heated. He split these colours with a prism to produce an atomic emission spectrum

• this spectrum is produced for every element when a sample of gas or vapour is heated
• each line represents a frequency of light emitted by the atom
• also created electron configuration

Question 2

How is an emission spectrum produced

Answer 2

• electrons absorb the energy from the heat source and become excited
• move from ground level to excited state
• as they return to ground state they emit light equal to the amount of energy absorbed

Question 3

electron configuration (schrodinger)

Answer 3

Electron configuration is a set of numbers that  provides information about the number of  electrons in different energy levels or shells.
1st shell - max 2 electrons
2nd shell - max 8 electrons
3rd shell - max 18 electrons
4th shell - max 32 electrons

Question 4

Schrodinger model

Answer 4

More complex than bohrs.
suitable for all elements.
-within an atom there are shells of distinct energy levels where the energy is quantified (fixed)
shells contain sub shells, s, p,d,f
sub shells contain orbitals. 
s=1 - 2 max electrons
p=3 - 6 max electrons
d=5 - 10 max electrons
f=7 - 14 max electrons
orbitals contain electrons

Question 5

electron configuration of chromium and copper

Answer 5

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d5 - chromium
1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s1, 3d10 - copper
More stability

Question 6

Soddy’s isotopes

Answer 6

Isotopes are atoms of the same element which have a different number of neutrons and thus a different mass.
 Isotopes of an element have different isotopic masses.

Question 7

Adsorption and absorption

Answer 7

Adsorption is the “sticking” of atoms, ions or molecules to the surface of a substance
Absorption is the process in which a fluid is dissolved by a liquid or a solid