Periodic Table of Elements Flashcards
What is an element?
A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
What is the Periodic Table?
A chart organizing all discovered elements, showing the repeated pattern of their properties.
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons in an atom.
What is atomic mass?
The average mass of all the element’s isotopes (p + n).
What is the chemical symbol?
An English or Latin abbreviation of a chemical name.
What is an element name?
The name of that element.
What are groups/families?
18 vertical columns.
What are periods?
7 horizontal rows.
Who is the Father of the Periodic Table?
Dimitri Mendeleev
What are the three coinage or noble metals?
Gold (Au), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu)
Where are metals located on the periodic table?
On the left and middle side.
What are the properties of metals?
- Can be hammered without breaking (malleable)
- Can be twisted into a wire (ductile)
- Shiny, reflective surface (luster)
- Good heat and electricity conductors
- Reactive elements
Where are metalloids located on the periodic table?
On the “staircase line” on the right side.
What are the properties of metalloids?
- Solids
- Metallic luster
- Brittle (easily broken)
- Semiconductors (electricity but not heat)
- Behave more like nonmetals
Where are nonmetals located on the periodic table?
On the top right side.
What are the properties of nonmetals?
- Dull, colorless, or colorful (no luster)
- Poor conductors
- Brittle (easily broken)
- Low melting points
- Often gases at room temperature
- Not malleable or ductile
What are the properties alkali metals?
- Metals
- Highly reactive
- Low melting and boiling points
- Highly malleable and ductile
- Good heat and electricity conductors
- Metallic luster
Which group is the alkali metals?
Group 1
Name examples of alkali metals.
- Lithium (Li)
- Sodium (Na)
- Potassium (K)
- Francium (Fr)
What are the properties of alkaline earth metals?
- Metals
- Very reactive but less reactive than alkali metals
- Denser and harder than alkali metals
- Malleable
- Ductile
- Silvery white luster
- Melting and boiling points are higher than alkali metals
Which group is the alkaline earth metals?
Group 2
Name examples of alkaline earth metals.
- Beryllium (Be)
- Radium (Ra)
What are the properties of transition metals?
- Metals
- Good heat and electricity conductors
- Malleable
- Less reactive compared to other metals
- Highest melting and boiling points
- Denser than the other metals
- Hardest metal (except for mercury)
- Have luster
Which groups are the transition metals in?
Groups 3-11
Name examples of transition metals.
- Titanium (Ti)
- Chromium (Cr)
- Mercury (Hg)
- Tungsten (W)
Name examples of metalloids.
- Gallium
- Antimony
- Arsenic
- Boron
- Silicon
Where are noble gases located on the Periodic Table?
On the far right side.
What are properties of noble gases?
- Nonmetals
- Colorless, odorless, tasteless
- Nonflammable
- Non-reactive
- Complete valence shell
- Low boiling points
Name examples of noble gases.
- Oganesson
- Helium
- Neon
- Xenon
- Radon
Which group are noble gases found?
Group 18
What are properties of halogens?
- Nonmetals
- States broadly vary (can be solid, liquid, or gas)
- Highly reactive, especially with alkali and alkaline earth metals
Where are halogens found on the Periodic Table?
On the far right side.
Which group are halogens found?
Group 17
Name examples of halogens.
- Fluorine
- Chlorine
- Iodine
