Periodic Table Flashcards
Group
A column in the periodic table
Period
A row in the periodic table
Metals (where are they on the periodic table)
Found on the Lefthand side of the Periodic Table
Non-metals (where are they found on the periodic table)
Found on the Righthand side of the Periodic Table
Alkali Metals
Group 1 - reactive low density metals
`Halogens
Group 7 - non-metal diatomic molecules
Noble Gases
Group 8 - unreactive gases
Transition Metals
High density metals (often with coloured compounds) found in the middle of the periodic table
Atomic Number
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Mass Number
The number of protons PLUS neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
Dobereiner
Sorted the known elements into groups of three - or Triads
Newlands
Noted recurring patterns in the elements - termed these Octaves
Mendelev
Sorted the known elements by Mass but switched some and predicted properties of missing elements
Metals (Physical Properties)
High Density, High Melting Point, Shiny, Conduct Heat and Electricity, Malleable and Ductile
Non-metals (Physical Properties)
Low density (gases), low melting points (gases or low melting points), dull, insulators, brittle
Metalloids (Physical Properties)
Vary - can have a mixure of metallic or non-metallic properties
Allotrope
Two different physical forms of the same element (e.g. Diamond and Graphite, or Oxygen and Ozone).
Metals (Chemical Properties)
Form Basic Oxides / Hydroxides - e.g. Sodium Hydroxide pH 14
Non-Metals (Chemical Properties)
Form Acidic Oxides - e.g. Sulphur Dioxide or Nitrogen Dioxide cause acid rain pH 3
Element
A substance that contains atoms of only one type
Compound
Two or more DIFFERENT elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio
Mixture
Two different substances that are not physically combined with one another (can be separated)
Alloy
A mixture of two or more (metal) elements that are not in a fixed ratio
Brass
Alloy of Copper and Zinc
Bronze
Alloy of Copper and Tin
Steel
An alloy of Iron, with Carbon or metallic elements
