Periodic table Flashcards
what are group 1 metals known as?
Alkali metals
what physical properties do alkali metals have?
low melting and boiling points
very soft
what do alkali metals form?
Ionic compounds
why are alkali metals more reactive the further down you go?
the outer electron is more easily lost as it is further from the nucleus
what does it mean if an electron is further away from a nucleus?
less strongly attracted to nucleus and less energy needed to remove it
what happens when alkali metals are placed in water?
React vigorously
what does a reaction with water and alkali metals produce?
hydrogen gas and hydroxide of a metal
what are group 7 elements called?
Halogens
what bonds do halogens have?
covalent bonds
what kind of molecules are halogens?
diatomic molecules
what happens when you go down group 7?
the melting and boiling points increase and colour gets darker
how do you test for chlorine?
hold a damp blue litmus paper over it
what colour will chlorine change the paper too?
white or red at first
what happens when you go down group 7?
the halogens become less reactive as harder to attract electron
how are metal halides formed?
when a halogen reacts vigorously with a metal
how are hydrogen halides formed?
halogens react with hydrogen
what makes hydrogen halides different to metal halides?
soluble in water
what type of reaction is halogen displacement reactions?
Redox
do halogens gain or lose electrons?
gain (reduction)
do halides gain or lose electrons?
lose (oxidation)
what are group 0 elements?
noble gases
what colour or noble gases?
colourless
what does monatomic mean?
gases that are made up of one single atom
what does inert mean?
they don’t react with much
why are noble gases inert?
because they have full outer shell so they don’t give up or lose electrons easily
what can argon make?
filament lamps
what is helium used in?
airships and balloons
why do balloons float?
because helium is less dense than air
what happens when you go down group 0?
melting, boiling point and density increase
why do elements in the same group react in the same way?
because they have the same number of electrons in outer shell
what is neon made up of?
argon and helium
