Periodic Table Flashcards
Li
State at room temp
Solid
He
State at room temp
Gas
Ne
State at room temp
Gas
Ar
State at room temp
Gas
Kr
State at room temp
Gas
Xe
State at room temp
Gas
B
State at room temp
Solid
Al
State at room temp
Solid
Ni
State at room temp
Solid
Ba
State at room temp
Solid
Br
State at room temp
Liquid
I
State at room temp
Solid
Ca
State at room temp
Solid
Mg
State at room temp
Solid
C
State at room temp
Solid
Mn
State at room temp
Solid
Cl
State at room temp
Gas
N
State at room temp
Gas
Cr
State at room temp
Solid
O
State at room temp
Gas
Co
State at room temp
Solid
P
State at room temp
Solid
F
State at room temp
Gas
S
State at room temp
Solid
H
State at room temp
Gas
Zn
State at room temp
Solid
Cu
State at room temp
Solid
K
State at room temp
Solid
Au
State at room temp
Solid
Ag
State at room temp
Solid
Fe
State at room temp
Iron
-solid
Na
State at room temp
Solid
Pb
State at room temp
Solid
Sn
State at room temp
Solid
Hg
State at room temp
Liquid
What group is 18 or 8A periods 1-6 called?
Noble gasses
Which group contains the most stable elements?
The Noble Gasses
What are elements in group 17 or 7A period 2-5 referred to as?
Halogens (non-metals)
Halogens contain _____ atom/s joined together.
Two!
What group and period are the alkali metals located?
Group 1 or 1A period 2-7
What group and period are the alkaline earth metals located?
Group 2 or 2A period 2-7
What are the characteristics of alkali metals?
Soft, always found as a compound, low melting point, VERY reactive (increases and you reach a higher period number).
What are metalloids?
Elements containing properties of both metals and non metals.
What 3 subcategories follow metals on the periodic table?
Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and metalloids.
When moving down a group on the periodic table, the atomic size and ionization energy _____.
Increases
The size of an atom _____ when moving across (left to right) a period as more electrons are _____.
Decreases, added.
The more _____ the smaller the _____.
Electrons, atom.
What is a cation?
A positively charged ion.
What is an anion?
A negatively charged ion
Relative amu of an electron?
~0.0005
Relative amu of a proton?
~1
Relative amu of a neutron?
~1
An _____ has the same number of protons and _____ but a different number of _____.
Isotope, electrons, neutrons.
An _____ has the same number of protons and can have different numbers of _____ and _____.
Element, electrons and neutrons.
How do you determine atomic mass?
Multiply the amu by the isotopic abundance (decimal form) for each isotope and add them all together.
What is atomic mass?
The average mass of all isotopes of an element weighted according to natural abundance.
_____ determine chemical properties of an atom.
Electrons.
What determines the mass number?
The number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus.
What are ions?
Elements with the same number of protons and different electrons and neutrons.
???
Max electrons in shell 2 =
8
Max electrons in shell 3 =
18
Max electrons in shell 4 =
32
List the four sub shells in order from smallest to largest:
S, P, D, and F.
How many electrons and orbitals in sub shell S?
2 max electrons and 1 orbital.
How many electrons and orbitals are in sub shell P?
6 max electrons, 3 orbitals.
How many electrons and orbitals are in sub shell D?
Max 10 electrons, 5 orbitals.
How many electrons and orbitals are in sub shell F?
14 max electrons, 7 orbitals.
What groups are the main group elements?
The A groups (1-8A)
What groups are the transition metal elements?
Groups 1-8B
What groups and periods are the inner transition metal elements located?
Groups 4B-7A period 6 and 7.
What groups are in the S (sub shell) block?
Periods 1-7 of Groups 1 and 2 AND 8A period 1.
What groups are in the D (sub shell) block?
1B-8B periods 4-7.
What groups are in the P (sub shell) block?
Groups 3-8A periods 2-7.
What groups and periods are in the F block?
Periods 6 and 7 groups 4-7.
What’s important to note about the D block of the periodic table?
It starts at 3 instead of 4, and goes through 6. It’s dropped 1 period lower than the rest of the table.
Ionization _____ as you move down a group on the periodic table.
Decreases.
How many valence electrons are in He?
2
