Periodic Table Flashcards
Element
An element is a substance that is made of only one type of atom. Elements are the simplest substances in the universe.
Group
A group is a vertical column in the periodic table. They are ordered in reactivity.
Period
A period is a horizontal row left to right on the periodic table.
Alkali metals
The alkali metals is group 1 in the periodic table. All elements in that group have 1 electron in it’s outer shell
Alkaline earth metals
The alkaline earth metals is group 2 in the periodic table. All elements in this group have 2 electrons in their outer shell.
Halogens
Halogens is group 7 in the periodic table. All the elements in that group have 7 electrons in their outer shell
Noble gases
The noble gases is group 0 in the periodic table. The elements in this group of have 8 electrons in their outer shell.
Transition metals
The transition metals are the elements that serve as a bridge between the two sides of the table
Periodic table
The periodic table is a table that organises the elements into places that suit the chemical properties that it has
Metal + acid
Metal salt + hydrogen
Metal +oxygen
Metal oxide
Metal + water
Metal hydroxide + hydrogen
Displacement reactions
Displacement reaction is a chemical reaction in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its compound.
e.g iron nails with copper sulfate
Metal ore
An ore is a solid that metal can be extracted from.
How are metals extracted from metal ore
The metals below carbon (e.g copper) are extracted by heating it with carbon. Copper oxide + carbon → copper + carbon dioxide. The copper oxide is reduced as carbon is oxidised. For metals above carbon in the reactivity series, they are separated by using electrolysis. This is the breakdown of a current using a electric current.
