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Physics > Periodic Table > Flashcards

Periodic Table Flashcards

1
Q

What is a compound

A

Substances who’s particles are made of more than one type of ATom

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2
Q

What is an element

A

Substances made of only one type of atom

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3
Q

What is a mixture

A

Substances which are made of more than one type of particle. They contain two or more compounds or elements

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4
Q

What is an atom made up of

A

Protons , neutrons , electrons

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5
Q

What is the charge of electrons

A

Negative

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6
Q

What is the charge of the nucleus and what is it equal to

A

Positive charge equal to number of protons

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7
Q

What is the netrons charge

A

No charge. It is neutral

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8
Q

What is a neutral atom

A

Number of protons and electrons are equal. The overall charge is 0

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9
Q

Positively charged atom

A

Number of protons greater than number of electrons . Cations

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10
Q

Negatively charged atom

A

Number of electrons greater than number of protons . Anion

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11
Q

What is the mass of the electron cloud

A

Electron cloud has no significant mass

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12
Q

What is the mass of the nucleus equal to

A

Number of protons + number of neautrojs

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13
Q

What is the mass of electrons

A

No significant mass

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14
Q

What is atomic mass

A

Mass number of the atom. Calculated by adding protons and neutrons

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15
Q

What are isotopes

A

Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

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16
Q

What is the atomic number

A

Number of protons . Determines what the element is

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17
Q

Why do we look at the number of protons for atomic number

A

Number of neutrons in an atom can vary. Number of electrons change as they are constantly leaving and entering electron cloud. Number of protons don’t change

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18
Q

What are group 1 alkali metals

A

Soft, easy to slice , reactive metals

Reacts vigorously with air and water to form salts

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19
Q

What are group 2 earth alkali metals

A

Less reactive than group 1 metals , more reactive than transition metals
React with hot water and oxygen if lit
Over time requires coating so it doesn’t react with air

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20
Q

What are transition metals

A

Hardest, toughest metals
React very slowly with air and water
Useful for buildings , cars , gadgets

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21
Q

What are other metals

A

Similar to transition metals but have electronic structure. In groups 3-5
Not quite metal or non metal

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22
Q

What are non metals

A

Form any compounds , carbon is backbone of living matter , oxygen is used to breathe , nitrogen makes up most of the air, sulphur is in natures compounds , phosporous starts fires

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23
Q

Halogens

A

Chlorine, fluorine are corrosive gases
Bromine is a liquid with a thick vapor above it
Iodine is a solid that sublimes easily
Very reactive, found in salts (halides)

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24
Q

Noble gases

A

Only elements which exist as single atoms

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25
Q

What are properties of metals

A

Ductile, luster, malleable, thermal / electrical conductor

26
Q

What is the most abundant gas in our atmosphere

A

Nitrogen

27
Q

What is the lightest gas

A

Hydrogen

28
Q

What gas protects us from harmful rays

A

Ozone

29
Q

What is the formulae for these diotimic non metal elements

Hydrogen , oxygen, nitrogen, bromine, iodine, chlorine, fluorine

A

H2,02,N2,Br2,I2, Cl2, F2

30
Q

Why do atoms bond to eachother

A

In order to be stable

31
Q

What can compounds be divided into

A

Molecular, ionic compounds

32
Q

What is a molecular compound

A

Non metal atoms bond to other non metal atoms. Compound is made of molecules

33
Q

What is an ionic compound

A

When metal atoms bond to non metal atoms
Salt is made of ions
Particles which make up salt are ions (positively or negatively charged)

34
Q

What are polyotmic ions

A

Have a positive or negative charge. Non metals. Will always be a salt (salts are made of ions )

35
Q

What is zincs valency

A

2

36
Q

What is silvers valency

A

1

37
Q

What are the valences of polyotmic atoms

A

Same as their charge

38
Q

What is the symbol for ammonia and what is its valency and why

A

NH4. Valencie is 1 as it’s NH4+

39
Q

What is the symbol for nitrate and what is its valency and why

A

NO3. Valency is 1 as the charge is -

40
Q

What is the symbol for nitrite and what is its valency and why

A

N02. Valency is 1 as charge is -

41
Q

What is the symbol for hydroxide and what is its valency and why

A

OH. Valency is 1 as charge is -

42
Q

What is the symbol for sulphate and what is its valency and why

A

SO4. Valency is 2 because charge is 2-

43
Q

What is the symbol for sulfite and what is its valency and why

A

SO3. Valency is 2 as charge is 2-

44
Q

What is the symbol for carbonate and what is its valency and why

A

CO3. Valency is 2 as charge is 2-

45
Q

What is the symbol for phosphate and what is its valency and why

A

PO4. Valency is 3 as charge is 3-

46
Q

What are atoms made in

A

Everything , our bodies, trees , doughnuts

47
Q

Hydrogen chloride

A

HCL

48
Q

Sulphuric acid

A

H2SO4

49
Q

Nitric acid

A

HNO3

50
Q

Phosphoric acid

A

H3PO4

51
Q

Carbonic acid

A

H2CO3

52
Q

Sulfurous acid

A

H2SO3

53
Q

Water

A

H20

54
Q

Ammonia

A

NH3

55
Q

Carbon dioxide

A

Co2

56
Q

Sulfur dioxide

A

So2

57
Q

Nitrogen dioxide

A

No2

58
Q

When do chemical reactions occur

A

When a substance reacts to form one or more new substances

59
Q

How do we represent a chemical reaction

A

Chemical equation

60
Q

What is at the left hand side of the equation and what’s it called

A

Substances present at the start before the reaction occurs . reactants

61
Q

What are the substances on the right of the equation

A

The new substances that form . Products

Physics (4 decks)

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