Periodic Table Flashcards
Mendeleev’s periodic table
Studied the properties of the elements and realized that the chemical and physical properties of the elements repeated in an orderly way when organized by atomic mass .. In order to group elements with similar properties in the same column - he had to leave some blank.. Suggested that these spaces represented undiscovered elements
Modern periodic table
Order the elements in the table by atomic number, not atomic mass- the properties of the elements change in an orderly progression from left to right
Periodicity
Tendency to reoccur at regular intervals
Periodic law
The statement that there is a periodic repetition of chemical and physical properties of the elements when arrange by increasing atomic number
Group / family
Consists of elements in a vertical column
Relationship of periodic table and atomic structure
The number of each group across the periodic table will tell you how many valence electrons the atom has
Atomic structure of elements within a group
Because elements in the same group gave the same number of valence electrons, they have similar chemical properties
Atomic structure of elements within a period
The period number of an element is the same as the number of its outermost energy level, so the valence electron of an element in the 2nd period , for example, are in the 2nd energy level
Representative elements (1A-17A)
Groups 1,2 & 13-18 are called representative elements because as a group they display a wide range of chemical and physical properties
Metals
Most common - group 1-12 (and others) - have luster-conduct heat and electricity -high melting point - malleable - ductile - solid at room temp (except Mercury)
Malleable
Can be flattened with a hammer and not break
Ductile
Can be drawn into thin wires (stretched)
Location and types of metals
Alkali metals
Alkaline earth metals
Transition and inner transition metals
Alkali metals
Group 1A - except H
Alkali earth metals
Group 2A
