Periodic Table

Question 1

Electronegativity

Answer 1

Attraction of atom for e- pair in a covalent bond

Fluorine= most electronegative element

Question 2

Ionic vs covalent character

Answer 2

↑electroneg differences = ↑ionic character

↑electroneg similarities = ↑ covalent character

Question 3

Van der Waals forces

Answer 3

Intermolecular forces caused by dipole’s attractions between e-s

Oscillating dipole: dipole continually changes with time
Induced dipole: oscillating dipole induces a neighbouring molecule, etc

Question 4

Van der waal strength

Answer 4

↑e- no:
↑oscillating and induced dipoles
↑attractive forces between molecules
↑van der waals forces
↑boiling points
↓e- cloud distortion

Question 5

H bonds and water effect

Answer 5

1/10 strength of covalent bond.

Ice is less dense than water as h bonds hold water molecules apart in an open lattice structure

Question 6

H bonds

Answer 6

Extra forces above van der waals

Cause higher melting and boiling points

Question 7

Covalent bond enthalpy

Answer 7

200-500kJ mol-1

Question 8

H bond enthalpy

Answer 8

5-40

Question 9

Van der waals enthalpy

Answer 9

~2

Question 10

Ionic compounds properties

Answer 10

High melting and boiling points
Solid: non-conductive
Melted/dissolved: conductive

Question 11

Simple molecular structure

Answer 11

Low melting and boiling point
Weak intermolecular forces
Non-conductors
Often soluble and non-polar

Question 12

Giant covalent structures

Answer 12

Strong forces
High melting and boiling point
Non-conductors
Insoluble

Question 13

Metal properties

Answer 13

High melting and boiling points

Good thermal and electrical conductivity

Question 14

Atomic radii trends

Answer 14

Across period:
Radii ↓
Nuclear charge ↑
First ionisation energy ↑
↑boiling point groups 1-4, sharp ↓group 4-5, low group 5-8

Down a group:
Extra shells =
↓charge 
↓first ionisation energy
↓melting and boiling points

Question 15

S block reactivity

Answer 15

Most reactive, reactivity ↑down group

Group 2 v reactive with oxygen

Question 16

Halogens features

Answer 16

When going down the group:
↑boiling points
↓polarity
↓reactivity

Question 17

Group 3 metal oxides in water

Answer 17

Basic (alkaline)

Question 18

Non-metal oxides in water

Answer 18

Acidic

Question 19

Ionic chlorides in water

Answer 19

Neutral

Question 20

Covalent chlorides in water

Answer 20

Acidic

Question 21

D-block features

Answer 21

Transition elements. Mid periodic table
At least 1 ion with partially-filled d sub-shell
More dense
↑melting and boiling points
Mod-low reactivity