Equilibria

Question 1

Reaction rate

Answer 1

Concentration change/time

Question 2

Activation energy

Answer 2

Minimum energy for reaction to occur

Collision energy needs to exceed activation energy for molecules to react

Question 3

Increased concentration

Answer 3

Increased reaction rate

Question 4

↑surface area

Answer 4

↑reaction rate

Question 5

Temp effect

Answer 5

Exothermic reaction: ↑temp favours endothermic path

↑temp = ↑kinetic energy

Many reaction rate double per 10degrees

Question 6

Catalyst

Answer 6

Alt route with lower activation energy

Reduces time to reach equilibrium

Question 7

Heterogenous catalyst

Answer 7

Different phase from reactants

Question 8

Homogenous catalyst

Answer 8

Same phase as reactants

Question 9

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 9

At balances equilibrium, and processes are taking place but without apparent change

Question 10

Le Chatelier’s Principle

Answer 10

If a system in a dynamic equilibrium is changed, processes will occur to minimise said change

Question 11

↑reactants

Answer 11

Shift→so more product is formed

Question 12

Pressure change

Answer 12

↑gas concentrations, speeding up reaction

↑if there are more moles of reactant = shift to right

Question 13

Enthalpy’s equilibrium effect, exo

Answer 13

Exothermic (temp ↓): equil system’s temp will then↑by releasing more energy, shifts →(exo direction)

Question 14

Enthalpy’s equilibrium effect, endo

Answer 14

Endothermic: ↑reaction rate, so less time is needed to reach equilibrium. BUT equil position may change to produce a lower equil yield of products

Question 15

Equilibrium constant

Answer 15

Kc

Gaseous = Kp

Question 16

Kp features

Answer 16

Uses partial pressure