Periodic Table Flashcards
what groups are metals?
groups 1, 2 and 13
what group is metalloid?
group 14
what groups are non-metals?
groups 15, 16, 17
what groups is monatomic?
group 18
property of metalloids?
- rather share electrons than form ions
- share properties intermediate of typical metals and non-metals
trends across the period?
- nature of elements change from metallic, metalloid to non-metallic
- chemical properties of the oxides change from basic, amphoteric to acidic
trends of group 1 metals (alkali metals)?
- m.p. and b.p. decreases down the group
- density increases down the group
- reactivity with water increases down the group
properties of alkali metals?
- soft
- oxidizes and tarnishes rapidly
- stored in oil to be protected from moisture
chemical equation of water reacting with a alkali metal
metal + water -> metal hydroxide + hydrogen gas
why does the reactivity of alkali metals with water increase down the group?
- metallic radius increases
- valence electron is further away from the neutron
- less strongly attracted to the nucleus and easily lost
- more reactive
what are halogens?
diatomic molecules that are non-polar and have simple molecular structures with covalent bonds between atoms and weak intermolecular forces of attraction between molecules
trends of halogens?
- b.p and m.p increase down the group
- volatility decreases down the group
- color intensity increases down the group
- reactivity decreases down the group
what is volatility?
the ease of conversion from a liquid to gas
color of chlorine as a gas, liquid, in aqueous solution and organic solvents?
gas/liquid: yellow-green
aqueous solution: pale yellow
organic solvents: pale yellow
color of bromine as a gas, liquid, in aqueous solution and organic solvents?
gas/liquid: red-brown
aqueous solution: orange
organic solvents: orange-red
