Periodic Table Flashcards
Name the groups 1, 2, 17, 18
Group 1: Alkali Metals
Group 2: The Alkaline Earth Metals
Group 17: The Halogens
Group 18: The Noble Gases
Characteristics of elements in same group
- Same no. of valence electrons
- Similar chemical properties
Changes of elements down group
- No. of protons ^(not regular)
- Atomic radii^ (no. of electron shells increases)
Characteristic of elements in same period
Same number of electron shells, equals to period number
Changes of elements across a period
- No. of protons in atom ^
- Metallic character decreases
- Properties of oxides change
Define metallic character of element
Ability of atoms to lose valence electrons to other substances and form positive ions
Define non-metallic character
The ability of atoms to gain valence electrons(either by sharing electrons or forming negative ions)
Name three amphoteric oxides
Al2O3, PbO, ZnO
Why are group 1 metals called alkali metals (not real q)
Metals reacts with water to produce alkali solution(aqueous metal hydroxide) and giving out hydrogen
5 physical properties of alkali metals
- Good conductor of electricity
- Soft, easily cut with knife
- Shiny, silvery when freshly cut
- Low density
- Low melting points(for metals)
Trends down group 1
Melting point decreases down group, reactivity increases down the group
(T/F) Metal atoms gain their valence electrons readily.
(F) Metal atoms lose their one valence electron readily to form ions with 1+ charge
Explain increasing reactivity down group 1
Down group, radius of metal atom ^.
Valence shell further from nucleus. Weaker electrostatic forces of attraction between positive nucleus and valence electrons. Smaller amount of energy needed to remove valence electrons, lose valence electrons more readily to form positive ions
(T/F) Group 1 metals are powerful oxidising agents
(F) They are powerful reducing agents
(T/F) Group 1 metals react vigorously with oxygen to produce metal oxides
(T)Group 1 metals react vigorously with oxygen to produce metal oxides