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Chemistry > Periodic Table > Flashcards

Periodic Table Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the groups 1, 2, 17, 18

A

Group 1: Alkali Metals
Group 2: The Alkaline Earth Metals
Group 17: The Halogens
Group 18: The Noble Gases

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2
Q

Characteristics of elements in same group

A
  1. Same no. of valence electrons
  2. Similar chemical properties
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3
Q

Changes of elements down group

A
  1. No. of protons ^(not regular)
  2. Atomic radii^ (no. of electron shells increases)
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4
Q

Characteristic of elements in same period

A

Same number of electron shells, equals to period number

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5
Q

Changes of elements across a period

A
  1. No. of protons in atom ^
  2. Metallic character decreases
  3. Properties of oxides change
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6
Q

Define metallic character of element

A

Ability of atoms to lose valence electrons to other substances and form positive ions

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7
Q

Define non-metallic character

A

The ability of atoms to gain valence electrons(either by sharing electrons or forming negative ions)

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8
Q

Name three amphoteric oxides

A

Al2O3, PbO, ZnO

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9
Q

Why are group 1 metals called alkali metals (not real q)

A

Metals reacts with water to produce alkali solution(aqueous metal hydroxide) and giving out hydrogen

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10
Q

5 physical properties of alkali metals

A
  1. Good conductor of electricity
  2. Soft, easily cut with knife
  3. Shiny, silvery when freshly cut
  4. Low density
  5. Low melting points(for metals)
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11
Q

Trends down group 1

A

Melting point decreases down group, reactivity increases down the group

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12
Q

(T/F) Metal atoms gain their valence electrons readily.

A

(F) Metal atoms lose their one valence electron readily to form ions with 1+ charge

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13
Q

Explain increasing reactivity down group 1

A

Down group, radius of metal atom ^.
Valence shell further from nucleus. Weaker electrostatic forces of attraction between positive nucleus and valence electrons. Smaller amount of energy needed to remove valence electrons, lose valence electrons more readily to form positive ions

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14
Q

(T/F) Group 1 metals are powerful oxidising agents

A

(F) They are powerful reducing agents

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15
Q

(T/F) Group 1 metals react vigorously with oxygen to produce metal oxides

A

(T)Group 1 metals react vigorously with oxygen to produce metal oxides

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16
Q

How do group 1 metals react with chlorine

A

React vigorously and burn brightly when heated with chlorine gas to produce white solid of metal chloride

17
Q

4 physical properties of halogens

A
  1. Elements are coloured
  2. Low melting and boiling point
  3. Non-conductor of electricity
  4. Generally soluble in water
18
Q

3 trends down group 17

A
  1. Melting and boiling points increase down the group
  2. Reactivity decreases down group
  3. Colour of element becomes progressively darker
19
Q

(T/F) Halogens gain one electron readily to form ions with 1- charge

A

True

20
Q

Explain decreasing reactivity down group 17

A

Down group, radius of metal atom ^.
Valence shell further from nucleus. More difficult for positive nucleus to attract electron to valence shell due to ES force of attraction being weaker, gain valence electrons less readily to form negative ions

21
Q

A __ halogen will displace a ___ halogen from aqueous halide solution(displacement reaction)

A

more reactive, less reactive

22
Q

Properties of noble gases

A
  1. Low melting and boiling points
  2. Insoluble in water
  3. Chemically unreactive/inert
23
Q

Why are noble gases chemically inert

A

Valence shells are filled with maximum number of electrons, cannot gain, lose or share electrons.

24
Q

Use of argon

A

Fill light bulb to provide inert environment to protect tungsten filament from reacting oxygen under high temperature

25
Q

(T/F) Transition metals are good catalysts

A

True

26
Q

Transition metals have ___ melting and boiling points

A

High

27
Q

Transition metals have __ density

A

High

28
Q

Use of Nickel in industrial processes as catalyst

A

Production of margarine from vegetable oil

29
Q

Use of manganese(IV) oxide in industrial process as catalyst

A

Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide

Chemistry (18 decks)

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