Acids Flashcards
Define acids
An acid is a substance which dissociated in water/aqueous solutions to give hydrogen ions
Why is hydrogen chloride dissolved in methylbenzene neutral in pH
In absence of water, hydrogen chloride still exists as simple molecules. No hydrogen ions are formed
Why is hydrogen chloride dissolved in water acidic
Hydrogen chloride dissolves in water to produce hydrogen and chloride ions. The hydrogen ions are responsible for acidic property
Define basicity of acids
Basicity of an acid is the maximum number of hydrogen ions produced by one molecule of the acid when the acid molecules dissociates in water
Define strength of acid
The extent of dissociation of the acid molecules in water/aqueous solution
Define strong acid
A strong acid is one that completely dissociates in water to give hydrogen ions.
Name 3 strong acids
hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid
Name 2 weak acids
Ethanoic acid, carbonic acid
Define concentration
Concentration is a measure of how much solute has dissolved in 1dm^3 of the solution
State reaction between acid and reactive metal
Acid and reactive metal react to form salt and hydrogen gas
Why does lead metal appear to not react with hydrochloric acid
Initial reaction produces a layer of lead(II) chloride and this layer is insoluble in water and forms a layer around the metal, which prevents from further reaction between the metal and the acid
State reaction between acid and metal carbonate
Acid react with metal carbonates to form salt, carbon dioxide and water
What will you observe when metal carbonate is added to an acid
Effervescence of colourless, odourless gas observed. Gas forms white precipitate when passed into limewater. Gas is carbon dioxide
Uses of carbonic acid
Used in fizzy drinks
Use of hydrochloric acid
Produced by stomach glands, helps to kill bacteria and activate enzymes
