Periodic table Flashcards
What physical properties to metals have
malleable and conduct electricity
What properties do alkali metals have (Group 1)
Low melting points, Soft, Easily cut and very reactive.
How does the reactivity change when going down the group in group one
Reactivity increases the further down you go in group one
What does the electronic configuration look like on a group 1 atom
2.8.8.1 or 2.8.8.8.1 always has one electron on outershell
Why are group one metals more reactive as you go down the group
Atoms get larger down the group, meaning less force of attraction, meaning easily lost electron resulting in a higher reactivity.
How are halogens found
Diatomic, two atoms held together by a single covalent bond
What are properties of non-metals
Poor conductors of heat and electricity
What is formed when an halogen reacts with a metal
It forms a salt
What are the uses for halide salts
Toothpastes, eating salts, disinfectant…
What can all halogens be used for
Disinfectants
What does the electronic configuration look like on a group 7 atom
Group 7 atoms will have a 2.8.7 or 2.8.18.7 configuration.
Why do halogens become less reactive as you go down the group
Distance of shells increases, force of attraction is less, which means that it is harder to pull negative electrons, and so ions dont form as easily
What are some properties of noble gases (group 0)
Colourless, low melting points and boiling points, poor conductors of heat and electricity.
What is special about noble gases
They are inert, meaning they do not react easily with anything
How do noble gases exist
As single atoms
What are some uses for noble gases
Photography lighting, wine, weather balloons, illumination
What does the electronic configuration look like on a group 0 atom
2.8.8 or 2.8.8, there are no extra or missing electrons
What is the best way for someone to describe an alkali metal
Soft metal with relatively low melting points
What does bromine and sodium react to form
Sodium Bromide
What does bromine look like at room temp
Red/Brown liquid
How does Li react with water
Floats and fizz, moves about, gas given off
How does Na react with water
Molten ball, slightly vigorous, gas given off
How does K react with water
Violent reaction, explodes, burns with lilac flame, gas given off
What products are given off when metal reacts with water
Metal hydroxide + Hydrogen
What are the properties of transition metals (Group 2+3)
Malleable, Ductile, Conductors, Shiny when Polished, white/ colourless compounds Can be used as a catalyst, high density and melting points, coloures when reacted with chlorine, hard and tough
Explain how electronic configuration helps workout position of element of periodic table
Number of e- shells gives group
Number of E- on outer shell gives period
(SGEP)
What are isotopes
Atoms of the same element must have the same number of protons, but they can have different numbers of
neutrons
Compare Daltons model of the atom to the one used today
Dalton - solid sphere, Today- mostly empty space
Dalton - No charges, Today- There are charges,
Dalton- Indestructible shell, Today- Destructible shell
