Periodic Table Flashcards
Define ‘atom’
An atom is the smallest particle of an element that can exist on its own and still have the chemical properties of thayt element
Define ‘element’
An element is a pure substance made up of one type of atom
Some elements exist as single atoms, give examples of these elements
Carbon, Gold, Iron, and Copper
Some elements exist as molecules, give some examples of these elements
Oxygen, Nitrogen, Hydrogen, and Chlorine
define ‘compound’
Compounds are made up of 2 or more different atoms/elements
Give four examples of compounds
Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Water H2O), Sodium Chloride (NaCl), and Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Define ‘molecules’
Molecules are a group of atoms banded together representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.
Elements of the periodic table from 1-20
Hydrogen, Helium, Lithium, Beryllium, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Neon, Sodium, Magnesium, Aluminum, Silicone, , Phosphorus, Sulfur, Chlorine, Argon, Potassium, calcium
Symbol for hydrogen
H
Which of the elements are the lightest?
hydrogen
Which element is mostly used in petroleum refining and fertilizer production?
hydrogen
What is the mass number for hydrogen?
1.008
Which element is commonly found in the sun and most of the stars?
Hydrogen
What group of elements does hydrogen fall under ?
Group 1A alkali metals
Name two of the inert gases on the periodic table
helium and argon
Which is the second lightest element on the periodic table?
helium
Helium becomes liquid at what temperature?
268.9 degrees Celsius / -452 degrees Fahrenheit
Chemical symbol for helium?
He
What is the most familiar use of helium
to fill party and parade balloons
Mass number for helium?
4.003
What group can helium be found in?
Group 8A (noble/inert gases)
Define lithium
a soft silver-white metal.
Which element is the lightest of the alkali metals?
lithium
Chemical symbol for lithium?
Li
What is the most important use of lithium?
in rechargeable batteries
Mass number for lithium
6.941
which group can lithium be found in
Group 1A alkali metals
Define beryllium
a steel-grey, strong, lightweight and brittle metal
Chemical symbol for beryllium?
Be
Use of beryllium?
in gears and cogs (aviation industry)
mass number for beryllium?
9.012
Which element is commonly found in emeralds?
Beryllium
Which group can beryllium be found in?
Group 2A Alkaline earth metals
Define Boron
A non-metallic element that turns to solid at room temperature
Which element is the only non metallic element in group 13?
Boron
Which element has ‘several forms’?
Boron
Chemical symbol for Boron?
B
What are the most important compounds of boron?
boric acid (boracic), borax (sodium borate), and boric oxide
Which element can be used to make bleach and as a food preservative?
Boron
Mass number for boron?
10.811
Which group can Boron be found in?
Group 3A Metalloids
Define carbon
a non metallic element found more or less pure in nature or as a part of living things or things made artificially
Chemical symbol for carbon?
C
Impure carbon in the form of charcoal and coke is used in _______?
metal smelting
What is graphite used for?:
in pencils and to make brushes
mass number for carbon?
12.011
Which element is found in the basis of life’s molecules?
Carbon
Which group can carbon be found in?
Group 4A Nonmetals
Define nitrogen
a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is the most abundant in earth’s atmosphere.
Which element is the most plentiful in earth’s atmosphere?
Nitrogen
Chemical symbol for nitrogen?
N
Which element is used to make nylon, nitric acid, fertilizers, dyes, and explosives?
Nitrogen
Which other element must nitrogen react with to produce ammonia?
hydrogen
mass number for nitrogen?
14.007
Which element is commonly found in protein?
nitrogen
Which group can nitrogen be found in?
Group 5A pnictogens
