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physical science > Periodic Table > Flashcards

Periodic Table Flashcards

1
Q

In the periodic table, each row is called a ___.

A

Period

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2
Q

How many groups are on the periodic table?

A

18

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3
Q

Elements in each group have the same number of ___.

A

Valence electrons

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4
Q

Each column on the periodic table is called a ___.

A

Group

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5
Q

How many periods are on the periodic table?

A

7

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6
Q

Elements in each period have the same number of ___.

A

Energy levels

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7
Q

How many valence electrons does carbon have?

A

4

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8
Q

How many valence electrons does magnesium have?

A

2

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9
Q

How many valence electrons does lead have?

A

4

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10
Q

How many valence electrons does potassium have?

A

1

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11
Q

How many valence electrons does iodine have?

A

7

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12
Q

How many valence electrons does neon have?

A

8

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13
Q

How many energy levels does carbon have?

A

2

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14
Q

How many energy levels does potassium have?

A

4

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15
Q

How many energy levels does helium have?

A

1

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16
Q

How was the first periodic table arranged?

A

by increasing mass

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17
Q

How is the modern periodic table arranged?

A

by increasing atomic number (number of protons)

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18
Q

Who created the first periodic table?

A

Mendeleev

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19
Q

Who created the modern periodic table?

A

Moseley

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20
Q

Which of the following elements is not a metal: sodium, aluminum, iron, arsenic

A

arsenic

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21
Q

___ are good conductors of heat and electricity.

A

Metals

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22
Q

Which of the following is a nonmetal: silicon, calcium, bromine, lithium

A

bromine

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23
Q

Which of the following is a metalloid: aluminum, boron, phosphorus, iodine

A

boron

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24
Q

____ are typically gases at room temperature or brittle solids.

A

Nonmetals

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25
Q

These elements are known as semiconductors.

A

Metalloids

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26
Q

These elements have properties of both metals and nonmetals.

A

Metalloids

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27
Q

These elements are found on the right side of the periodic table:

A

Nonmetals

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28
Q

____ are displayed horizontally on the periodic table.

A

Periods

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29
Q

These elements are found on the left side of the table:

A

Metals

30
Q

These elements lie along the stair-step line.

A

Metalloids

31
Q

____ are displayed vertically on the periodic table.

A

Groups

32
Q

In which group is Cl found?

A

Group 17 (Halogens)

33
Q

In which group is Ne found?

A

Group 18 (Noble Gases)

34
Q

In which group is Fe found?

A

Group 8 (Transition Metals)

35
Q

In which group is Ca found?

A

Group 2 (Alkaline Earth Metals)

36
Q

In which group is Sn found?

A

Group 14 (Carbon Family)

37
Q

In which group is K found?

A

Group 1 (Alkali Metals)

38
Q

In which period is Cl found?

A

3

39
Q

In which period is Pb found?

A

6

40
Q

In which period is He found?

A

1

41
Q

In which period is Ag found?

A

5

42
Q

Elements with 1 valence electron belong to the ___ Family.

A

Alkali Metals

43
Q

Elements found in groups 3-12 belong to the ___ Family.

A

Transition Metals

44
Q

Elements with 8 valence electron belong to the ___ Family.

A

Noble Gases

45
Q

Elements with 2 valence electron belong to the ___ Family.

A

Alkaline Earth Metals

46
Q

Elements with 7 valence electron belong to the ___ Family.

A

Halogens

47
Q

The first scientist to organize the 55 known elements into categories was ____.

A

Lavoiser

48
Q

True/False: Using Mendeleev’s periodic table, scientists could make predictions about undiscovered elements.

A

True

49
Q

Electrons found in the last energy level are called ___.

A

Valence electrons

50
Q

Elements within a ___ have similar physical and chemical properties.

A

group or column

51
Q

Identify an element with similar properties to silver.

A

Copper (#29), Gold (#79), or Roentgenium (#111)

52
Q

Identify an element with the same number of energy levels as aluminum.

A

Sodium (#11), Magnesium (#12), Silicon (#14), Phosphorus (#15), Sulfur (#16), Chlorine (#17) or Argon (#18)

53
Q

Which of the following elements share similar properties:

Iodine (#53), Silver (#47), Selenium (#34), Nickel (#28), Argon (#18), Astatine (#85)

A

Iodine and Astatine

54
Q

___ is the number of protons in an atom.

A

Atomic number

55
Q

____ is the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of the atom.

A

Mass number

56
Q

____ is the weighted average of all the known isotopes of an element.

A

Atomic Mass

57
Q

Neon has three isotopes: Ne-20, Ne-21, and Ne-22. Which isotope is the most common?

A

Ne-20

Solution:
The atomic mass of neon is 20.18 amu

58
Q

Magnesium has three isotopes. Mg-25 occurs 10% of the time and Mg-24 occurs 79% of the time. How often does Mg-26 occur?

A

11%

Solution:
100 - 79 - 10 = 11

59
Q

In a sample of chlorine atoms, 99 atoms are Cl-35 and 31 atoms are Cl-37. Calculate the atomic mass of chlorine.

A

35.48 amu

Solution:
35 x 99 = 3465
37 x 31 = 1147

3465 + 1147 = 4612

4612/130 = 35.48 amu

60
Q

Lithium has two isotopes: Li-6 and Li-7. The 6 is lithium’s ____.
A. atomic number
B. mass number
C. atomic mass

A

B. mass number (protons + neutrons)

61
Q

Which element is more reactive:

Ca or Fe

A

Calcium (Ca)

62
Q

Which element is more reactive:

P or Cl

A

Chlorine (Cl)

63
Q

Which element is more reactive:

I or Ne

A

Iodine (I)

Neon is a noble gas and is not reactive

64
Q

Which element is less reactive:

O or S

A

Sulfur (S)

65
Q

Which element is less reactive:

Mg or Al

A

Aluminum (Al)

66
Q

Which element is less reactive:

Cu or Au

A

Copper (Cu)

67
Q

Which element is more metallic:

Fe or Ni

A

Iron (Fe)

68
Q

Which element is more nonmetallic:

C or F

A

Fluorine (F)

69
Q

Which element is less metallic:

I or Sn

A

Iodine (I)

70
Q

Which element is less nonmetallic:

Al or P

A

Aluminum (Al)

physical science (6 decks)

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