Periodic Table Flashcards
In the periodic table, each row is called a ___.
Period
How many groups are on the periodic table?
18
Elements in each group have the same number of ___.
Valence electrons
Each column on the periodic table is called a ___.
Group
How many periods are on the periodic table?
7
Elements in each period have the same number of ___.
Energy levels
How many valence electrons does carbon have?
4
How many valence electrons does magnesium have?
2
How many valence electrons does lead have?
4
How many valence electrons does potassium have?
1
How many valence electrons does iodine have?
7
How many valence electrons does neon have?
8
How many energy levels does carbon have?
2
How many energy levels does potassium have?
4
How many energy levels does helium have?
1
How was the first periodic table arranged?
by increasing mass
How is the modern periodic table arranged?
by increasing atomic number (number of protons)
Who created the first periodic table?
Mendeleev
Who created the modern periodic table?
Moseley
Which of the following elements is not a metal: sodium, aluminum, iron, arsenic
arsenic
___ are good conductors of heat and electricity.
Metals
Which of the following is a nonmetal: silicon, calcium, bromine, lithium
bromine
Which of the following is a metalloid: aluminum, boron, phosphorus, iodine
boron
____ are typically gases at room temperature or brittle solids.
Nonmetals
These elements are known as semiconductors.
Metalloids
These elements have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
Metalloids
These elements are found on the right side of the periodic table:
Nonmetals
____ are displayed horizontally on the periodic table.
Periods
These elements are found on the left side of the table:
Metals
These elements lie along the stair-step line.
Metalloids
____ are displayed vertically on the periodic table.
Groups
In which group is Cl found?
Group 17 (Halogens)
In which group is Ne found?
Group 18 (Noble Gases)
In which group is Fe found?
Group 8 (Transition Metals)
In which group is Ca found?
Group 2 (Alkaline Earth Metals)
In which group is Sn found?
Group 14 (Carbon Family)
In which group is K found?
Group 1 (Alkali Metals)
In which period is Cl found?
3
In which period is Pb found?
6
In which period is He found?
1
In which period is Ag found?
5
Elements with 1 valence electron belong to the ___ Family.
Alkali Metals
Elements found in groups 3-12 belong to the ___ Family.
Transition Metals
Elements with 8 valence electron belong to the ___ Family.
Noble Gases
Elements with 2 valence electron belong to the ___ Family.
Alkaline Earth Metals
Elements with 7 valence electron belong to the ___ Family.
Halogens
The first scientist to organize the 55 known elements into categories was ____.
Lavoiser
True/False: Using Mendeleev’s periodic table, scientists could make predictions about undiscovered elements.
True
Electrons found in the last energy level are called ___.
Valence electrons
Elements within a ___ have similar physical and chemical properties.
group or column
Identify an element with similar properties to silver.
Copper (#29), Gold (#79), or Roentgenium (#111)
Identify an element with the same number of energy levels as aluminum.
Sodium (#11), Magnesium (#12), Silicon (#14), Phosphorus (#15), Sulfur (#16), Chlorine (#17) or Argon (#18)
Which of the following elements share similar properties:
Iodine (#53), Silver (#47), Selenium (#34), Nickel (#28), Argon (#18), Astatine (#85)
Iodine and Astatine
___ is the number of protons in an atom.
Atomic number
____ is the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of the atom.
Mass number
____ is the weighted average of all the known isotopes of an element.
Atomic Mass
Neon has three isotopes: Ne-20, Ne-21, and Ne-22. Which isotope is the most common?
Ne-20
Solution:
The atomic mass of neon is 20.18 amu
Magnesium has three isotopes. Mg-25 occurs 10% of the time and Mg-24 occurs 79% of the time. How often does Mg-26 occur?
11%
Solution:
100 - 79 - 10 = 11
In a sample of chlorine atoms, 99 atoms are Cl-35 and 31 atoms are Cl-37. Calculate the atomic mass of chlorine.
35.48 amu
Solution:
35 x 99 = 3465
37 x 31 = 1147
3465 + 1147 = 4612
4612/130 = 35.48 amu
Lithium has two isotopes: Li-6 and Li-7. The 6 is lithium’s ____.
A. atomic number
B. mass number
C. atomic mass
B. mass number (protons + neutrons)
Which element is more reactive:
Ca or Fe
Calcium (Ca)
Which element is more reactive:
P or Cl
Chlorine (Cl)
Which element is more reactive:
I or Ne
Iodine (I)
Neon is a noble gas and is not reactive
Which element is less reactive:
O or S
Sulfur (S)
Which element is less reactive:
Mg or Al
Aluminum (Al)
Which element is less reactive:
Cu or Au
Copper (Cu)
Which element is more metallic:
Fe or Ni
Iron (Fe)
Which element is more nonmetallic:
C or F
Fluorine (F)
Which element is less metallic:
I or Sn
Iodine (I)
Which element is less nonmetallic:
Al or P
Aluminum (Al)
