Periodic Table Flashcards
What are Groups in the Periodic Table?
Columns
What can the Group tell you about the Electrons in an Atom?
How many Electrons are in the Outer Shell
What are the Periods in the Periodic Table?
Rows
Why did Mendeleev put some Elements in Groups?
Similar Properties
Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his Periodic Table?
Undiscovered Elements
What charge will an Ion of Lithium take?
1+
What charge will an Ion of Beryllium take?
2+
What charge will an Ion of Fluorine take?
1-
If something has gained Electrons, what charge will it have?
Negative
If something has lost Electrons, what charge will it have?
Positive
What charge will an Ion of Oxygen take?
2-
What charge will an Ion of Selenium take?
2-
What do Group 1 elements have in common?
1 Electron in Outer Shell
What do Group 7 elements have in common?
7 Electrons in Outer Shell
What do group 0/8 elements have in common?
Full Outer Shell
What’s more reactive, Lithium or Sodium?
Sodium
What’s more reactive, Chlorine or Bromine?
Chlorine
Inert
Unreactive
Why are Nobel Gases Inert?
Full Outer Shells
What is a Trend?
A Pattern in Properties
What is the Trend in the mpt’s of Alkali Metals?
Gets lower down the Group
What state is fluorine at room temperature?
Gas
What state is Chlorine at room temperature?
Gas
What state is Bromine at room temperature?
Liquid
What state is Iodine at room temperature?
Solid
Balance: Li+ H2O= LiOH+ H2
2Li+ 2H2= 2LiOH+ H2
Balance: K+ H2O= KOH+ H2
2K+ 2H2O= 2KOH+ H2
LiOH
Lithium Hydroxide
KOH
Potassium Hydroxide
Why are Group 1 elements called Alkali Metals?
They are Metals that form Alkalis when they react with Water
What is a Displacement Reaction?
A more reactive Element takes the place of a less reactive Element in a Compound
Why doesn’t KBr+ I2 react?
Iodine is less reactive than Bromine so won’t displace it
Balance KBr+ Cl2= KCl+Br2. Why is it a displacement reaction?
2KBr+ Cl2= 2KCl+ Br2
Chlorine has displaced Bromine as its more reactive
Why is Fluorine more reactive than Chlorine?
Fewer shells, less shielding, easier to gain Electrons
Why is Potassium more reactive than Lithium?
More shells, less shielding, easier to lose Electrons
Why is Bromine less reactive than Chlorine?
More shells, more shielding, harder to gain electrons
Why is Sodium less reactive than Caesium?
Fewer shells, less shielding, harder to lose electrons
Where are Transition Metals found in the Periodic Table?
In the Middle
Compare mpt, density, strength, hardness and reactivity of Transition metals with Group 1 Metals
Higher for all but Reactivity
What is distinctive about the Ions formed by Transition Metals?
Can form Ions with different charges
What is distinctive about the Compounds formed from Transition Metals?
They are Coloured
What can Transition Metals be used for?
Catalysts
