Atomic Structure Flashcards
What is an Atom?
The smallest part of an element that can still be recognised as that element
What is an Element?
A substance made of only one type of atom
What is a Compound?
A substance made of two or more different atoms chemically bonded together
What is a Molecule
A substance made of more than one atom chemically bonded together
What is a Mixture
A substance made of more than one thing not chemically bonded together
What are the 3 Subatomic Particles, their masses and charges?
Protons: 1, +1
Neutrons: 1, 0
Electrons: 0, -1
How are the Subatomic Particles arranged in an Atom?
Protons and Neutrons in the nucleus, electrons orbiting in shells
What is the Plum Pudding Model?
A ball of positive charge with negative electrons studded into it
What did the Gold Foil Experiment prove?
Atoms have a dense nucleus with a positive charge
What is the Atomic Number of an Atom?
The number of Protons in an Atom
What is the Mass Number of an Atom?
The number of Protons+Neutrons
Why is the number of Electrons in an Atom equal to the number of Protons?
Their charges cancel out
How do you calculate the number of Neutrons in an Atom?
Mass Number- Atomic Number
What did Chadwick Discover?
The Neutron
What did Bohr’s experiments show?
Electrons are in specific shells
What are Isotopes?
Atoms of the same element with a different number of Neutrons
What is Abundance?
The % of Atoms in a Universe with a particular Mass
How are the Electrons arranged in Atoms?
Orbiting the Nucleus in Shells
How many Electrons can go in the First Shell?
2
How many Electrons can go in the Second and Third Shells?
8
