Period 8 (1945-1980)

Question 1

What was the Baby Boom?

Answer 1

A significant increase in birth rates following World War II.

Question 2

What is containment?

Answer 2

A U.S. policy aimed at preventing the spread of communism during the Cold War.

Question 3

What is xenophobia?

Answer 3

An irrational fear or dislike of people from other countries.

Question 4

What was the Civil Rights Movement?

Answer 4

A struggle for social justice and equality for African Americans during the 1950s and 1960s.

Question 5

What is counterculture?

Answer 5

A social movement in the 1960s characterized by protests and distrust of the government.

Question 6

What does reform mean?

Answer 6

Changes aimed at improving social, political, or economic conditions.

Question 7

How did capitalism relate to the Marshall Plan?

Answer 7

The Marshall Plan was a U.S. initiative to aid post-war Europe, promoting capitalism and economic recovery.

Question 8

What was the Space Race?

Answer 8

A competition between the U.S. and the Soviet Union for supremacy in space exploration, leading to the moon landing.

Question 9

What was the Highway Act?

Answer 9

Legislation that funded the construction of the Interstate Highway System in the U.S.

Question 10

How did TV and technology impact education?

Answer 10

Increased access to information and educational programming, shaping public knowledge.

Question 11

What is the significance of oil trade?

Answer 11

A crucial factor in the global economy, influencing U.S. foreign policy and domestic issues.

Question 12

What were environmental disasters?

Answer 12

Events causing significant harm to the environment, raising awareness of ecological issues.

Question 13

What was the Green Revolution?

Answer 13

A period of agricultural transformation that increased food production; led to the creation of the EPA and awareness from “Silent Spring.”

Question 14

What are Levittowns?

Answer 14

Planned suburban communities created for white, middle-class families post-World War II.

Question 15

What is the difference between the Sun Belt and Rust Belt?

Answer 15

The Sun Belt refers to the southern U.S. known for growth, while the Rust Belt refers to the northeastern U.S. known for declining industries.

Question 16

What were the new immigration laws?

Answer 16

Legislation that reformed immigration policies in the U.S. during the mid-20th century.

Question 17

What does desegregation mean?

Answer 17

The process of ending the separation of races, particularly in schools and public places.

Question 18

What was the Civil Rights Act?

Answer 18

A landmark law prohibiting discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

Question 19

What is the Equal Pay Act?

Answer 19

A law aimed at abolishing wage disparity based on sex.

Question 20

What was the Voting Rights Act?

Answer 20

Legislation aimed at eliminating barriers to voting for African Americans.

Question 21

What is Title IX?

Answer 21

A law prohibiting discrimination based on sex in education programs receiving federal funding.

Question 22

What was LBJ’s Great Society?

Answer 22

A series of domestic programs launched by President Lyndon B. Johnson to eliminate poverty and racial injustice.

Question 23

What does 1960s liberalism refer to?

Answer 23

A political ideology advocating for civil rights, social justice, and government action to address social issues.

Question 24

What events led to distrust in the 1970s?

Answer 24

Watergate, stagflation, and the Iran Hostage Crisis created skepticism towards the government.

Question 25

What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?

Answer 25

A 1962 confrontation between the U.S. and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba.

Question 26

What were Cold War proxy conflicts?

Answer 26

Indirect conflicts where the U.S. and Soviet Union supported opposing sides, like in Korea and Vietnam.

Question 27

What is the Truman Doctrine?

Answer 27

A U.S. policy to provide support to countries resisting communism, based on the domino theory.

Question 28

What is Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD)?

Answer 28

A military strategy where both sides possess enough nuclear weapons to destroy each other, deterring attacks.

Question 29

What was the Energy Crisis of the 1970s?

Answer 29

A period of fuel shortages and rising prices due to conflicts in the Middle East and oil embargoes.

Question 30

Who were key figures in the Civil Rights Movement?

Answer 30

Leaders like Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, Rosa Parks, and groups like the Black Panthers.

Question 31

What is modern feminism?

Answer 31

A movement advocating for women's rights, including issues like birth control and equal rights, exemplified by Roe v. Wade.

Question 32

What is white flight?

Answer 32

The phenomenon of white families moving out of urban areas as minorities moved in, often leading to segregation.

Question 33

What was the Second Red Scare?

Answer 33

A period of heightened fear of communism in the U.S. during the late 1940s and 1950s.

Question 34

What was the significance of rock music and the hippie movement?

Answer 34

These cultural movements in the 1960s challenged societal norms and promoted peace and love.

Question 35

What were anti-war protests?

Answer 35

Demonstrations against U.S. involvement in wars, particularly the Vietnam War, highlighted by the release of the Pentagon Papers.

Question 36

What was the post-war growth period?

Answer 36

Economic expansion in the U.S. following World War II, marked by increased consumerism and industrial production.

Question 37

What is black nationalism?

Answer 37

A political and social movement advocating for the interests and culture of black Americans.

Question 38

What was the United Farm Workers?

Answer 38

A labor union representing farmworkers, advocating for better working conditions and wages.

Question 39

What is the American Indian Movement (AIM)?

Answer 39

A movement focused on Native American rights and sovereignty.

Question 40

What was the Stonewall uprising?

Answer 40

A pivotal event in 1969 that sparked the LGBTQ+ rights movement.

Question 41

What is the sexual revolution?

Answer 41

A social movement in the 1960s and 1970s promoting sexual freedom and challenging traditional norms.

Question 42

What is the difference between hawks and doves?

Answer 42

Hawks advocate for military action, while doves prefer diplomatic solutions to conflicts.

Question 43

What is the Beat Movement?

Answer 43

A cultural movement in the 1950s that rejected conventional values and embraced alternative lifestyles.