Period 6: 1865-1898

Question 1

Capitalism

Answer 1

Idea that country’s industries are controlled by private owners

Question 2

Major Industries

Answer 2

Railroads, steel, mining

Question 3

Connective technologies

Answer 3

Telegraphs, telephones, railroads

Question 4

How did the government support industries?

Answer 4

Protective tariffs, land grants, loans, property right protection laws

Question 5

Union Pacific Company

Answer 5

Built railroad starting in the East

Question 6

Union Pacific Company Employees

Answer 6

Irish or war vets

Question 7

Central Pacific Company

Answer 7

Built railroad starting in the West

Question 8

Central Pacific Company Employees

Answer 8

Chinese

Question 9

Where did the two companies meet when building the first transcontinental railroad

Answer 9

Promontory Point

Question 10

Southern Pacific Railroad

Answer 10

New Orleans > Los Angeles

Question 11

Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad

Answer 11

Kansas City > Los Angeles

Question 12

Northern Pacific Railroad

Answer 12

Duluth > Seattle

Question 13

Great Northern Railroad

Answer 13

St. Paul > Seattle

Question 14

Transcontinental Railroads

Answer 14

Southern Pacific, Atchinson, Topeka, and Santa Fe, Northern Pacific, Great Northern

Question 15

Great American Desert

Answer 15

Land in the Great Plains, Rocky Mountains, and Western Plateau that settlers often passed over due to lack of trees and rainfall

Question 16

California Gold Rush

Answer 16

Discovery of gold in 1849 that drew settlers to California

Question 17

Places gold was found

Answer 17

Colorado, South Dakota, Montana, Idaho, Nebraska, Arizona

Question 18

Which states gained early statehood due to discovery of gold and silver

Answer 18

Idaho and Montana

Question 19

Boomtowns

Answer 19

Massive amounts of settlers poured in upon the discovery of gold and created booming town

Question 20

Ghost towns

Answer 20

Were created after settlers left once gold and silver was gone

Question 21

Who rounded up cattle

Answer 21

Mexican cowboys called vaqueros

Question 22

Why was it easy to get into the cattle industry?

Answer 22

Lots of cattle roamed freely and the cattle and grass were free

Question 23

Joseph G. McCoy

Answer 23

Opened first stockyard which held cattle to be sold in Chicago

Question 24

Stockyards

Answer 24

Allowed Americans to gain control over the cattle industry and become more efficient

Question 25

Cattle sold for ___ prices but cowboys got ___ wages

Answer 25

high, low

Question 26

Why did cattle drives end?

Answer 26

Overgrazing, homesteaders cutting off open land, weather, large ranches

Question 27

Homestead Act of 1862

Answer 27

Offered free grants of land to people who would stay and farm the land

Question 28

Land rushes

Answer 28

Land was first come first serve

Question 29

Issues for homesteaders

Answer 29

Grasshoppers, extreme temperatures, lack of water

Question 30

What did the homesteaders who survived turn to?

Answer 30

dry farming, deep plowing, irrigation systems

Question 31

Northern and Western farmers would grow …

Answer 31

One cash crop

Question 32

Where would people buy food and goods

Answer 32

1. In store
2. from catalogs

Question 33

Farming equipment

Answer 33

Was very expensive and included steam engines, seeders, reaper- thresher combines

Question 34

Deflation

Answer 34

Increased production of goods causing lower values

Question 35

Monoplies

Answer 35

When one company controls an entire industry

Question 36

National Grange Movement/ Grangers

Answer 36

Helped protect farmers from middlemen and railroad companies/ wanted regulated railroad rates (at first was just supposed to be social and educational)

Question 37

Farmers’ Alliances

Answer 37

Taught farmers new methods, always wanted political action

Question 38

Ocala Platform

Answer 38

Made by the National Alliance of Farmers (met up) and wanted
1. lower tariffs
2. Direct election of US senators
3. Graduated income tax
4. Government regulated banking system
5. Inflation

Question 39

Closing of the Frontier

Answer 39

The Oklahoma territory was considered “done” being settled and was closed to new settlers

Question 40

Oklahoma Settling

Answer 40

Land that had been reserved for natives was opened to white settlers