Period 3 Flashcards
Why is Na more reactive than Mg?
It takes less energy to lose one e- than to lose two
Generic equation for period 3 metal + water
Metal + water —-> metal hydroxide + Hydrogen
Observations for Na + water
Product
Exothermic
Gas produced
Colourless
Very alkaline solution
Equation for Mg+ cold water
Observation and products
Mg+ 2H2O—-> Mg(OH)2 + H2
Minor bubbles
Sparingly soluble: weakly alkaline
Equation for Reaction of Mg and steam
Mg(g) + H2O(g) —> MgO(s) + H2(g)
Observation of mg and steam
White flame and white solid (fast reaction)
Basic solid
Equation and observations for Na and Oxygen
2Na + 1/2 O2 —-> Na2O
Yellow flame and yellow solid (reacts readily in air)
Equation and observations for Mg and Oxygen
Mg + 1/2 O2 —-> MgO
White flame
White solid (reacts readily in air)
Equation and observations for Al and Oxygen
Rate?
2Al + 3/2 O2 —-> Al2O3
Reacts slowly
Equation and observations for Phosphorus and Oxygen
Observations
P4 + 5O2 —-> P4O10
White smoke
White flame
Why is P4 kept in oil?
How else can it be stored?
P4 ignites spontaneously in air
Under water
Equation and observations for S and Oxygen
S+O2 —-> SO2
Blue flame
Choking gas
Reacts readily in air
Structure and bonding of Na2O and MgO
Acidic?
Giant ionic lattice
Ionic
Basic
Define ionic bonding
Strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
Structure and bonding of Al2O3
Giant ionic lattice
Ionic with covalent character
What is the acidity of Al2O3
Amphoteric but does not dissolve in water
Structure and bonding of SiO2
Is it acidic?
Macromolecular
Covalent bonds
Acidic but does not dissolve in water
Structure and bonding of P4O10
Is it acidic or basic?
Simple molecular
Weak VdW forces between molecules
Acidic
Structure and bonding of SO2
Is it acidic or basic?
Simple molecular
Weak van der Waals’ forces between molecules
Acidic
Structure and bonding of SO3
Is it acidic or basic?
Simple molecular
Weak Van der Waals’ forces between the molecules
Acidic
Are ionic oxides acidic?
No they are basic - they contain oxide ions (O2-) which form OH- ions when dissolved in water
Give examples of ionic oxides
Na2O, MgO